Mixed alkali effect in 0.2[xKNO₃ + (1 − x)NaNO₃] + 0.8glycerol systems

Abstract

Can. J. Chem. 72,2286Chem. 72, (1994.Density, electrical conductivity, and fluidity of 0.2[xKN03 + (1 -x)NaNO,] + 0.8glycerol systems were measured as functions of temperature (363.15 to 428.15 K) and composition (0.0 to 1.0 mole fraction). Densities were linear functions of temperature. The temperature dependence of conductivity and fluidity has been analysed by using the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation. Deviation from additivity has been observed in the electrical conductivity, fluidity isotherms to a lesser extent, and in electrical conductivity under isofluidity condition. The onset of the mixed alkali effect (MAE) in the present system has been explained by the anion polarization model.

Mixed alkali effect in sodium thiocyanate–potassium thiocyanate – acetamide melt systems

“…3. An equation of the following type (8) has been used for the concentration dependence of the electrical conductivity:…”

“…4%). Recently, interest has arisen in looking for the MAE in molecular liquid media (8)(9)(10)(11) where no rigid network structure exists and deviations (minima or maxima) in electrical conductivity have been observed. Moynihan (4) suggested that the MAE may only be observed in systems with high viscosity and conductivity.…”

Electrical Conductivity, Viscosity, and Sound Velocity of Lithium Bromide + Lithium Nitrate + Acetamide Melt Systems

“…The most common deviation from the linearity in the electrical conductivity and viscosity isotherms has been reported for the mixed alkali systems (Day, 1976;Dietzel, 1983;Ingram, 1987) when one alkali ion is progressively replaced by another alkali ion in ternary systems. The magnitude of deviation from the additivity in viscosity and conductivity isotherms in oxide melt media (Day, 1976) is manyfold in comparison to mixed alkali systems in ionic (Moynihan, 1979;Sangma et al, 1984) or molecular liquid Ismail, 1990, 1991;Mahiuddin, 1994) media.…”

Viscosity and Molar Volume of Potassium Thiocyanate + Sodium Thiocyanate + Acetamide Melt Systems

“…In the scope of investigating the mixed alkali effect (Day, 1976;Moynihan, 1979;Ingram, 1987;Sangma et al, 1984;Mahiuddin, 1994Mahiuddin, , 1996a in the ternary system, we reported earlier on the electrical conductivity of sodium + potassium thiocyanates in acetamide melt medium (Mahiuddin, 1996a). We observed a pronounced mixed alkali effect (MAE), i.e., both positive and negative deviation from the linearity in the electrical conductivity isotherms in the different temperature ranges of the study.…”