“…The treatment for an acute ventricular septal rupture is surgical repair. Rupture of the free wall, however, is frequently a catastrophic occurrence and results in approximately 10% of in-hospital deaths from myocardial infarction [47], Acute, severe mitral regurgi tation may occur with rupture of the papil lary muscle but may also seen with papillary muscle dysfunction [80], Gender is usually not addressed in reports of acute mitral re gurgitation [80,81 ], however, there is no evi dence to support a predilection for this com plication in women [79,82], Right ventricular involvement occurs in one to two thirds of patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction [47,83]. Al though acutely right ventricular infarction may have profound hemodynamic impact, the overall long-term prognosis is usually felt to be good [83][84][85].…”