Mitragyna speciosa Leaf Extract Exhibits Antipsychotic-Like Effect with the Potential to Alleviate Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis in Mice

Vijeepallam, Kamini; Pandy, Vijayapandi; Kunasegaran, Thubasni; Murugan, Dharmani Devi; Naidu, Murali

doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00464

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consequently, the ability of EFTM to significantly attenuate the stereotyped behavior by apomorphine in mice may be related to anti-dopaminergic activity. Ketamine-induced hyperlocomotion and stereotypy; also describes an aspect of positive symptoms of schizophrenia ( Vijeepallam et al, 2016 ), antipsychotic agents attenuate these symptoms. Furthermore, biochemical data have revealed that dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitters are implicated in central nervous system excitation ( Yadav et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic-like effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia macroptera leaf in mice

Ior

Otimenyin

Okwuasaba

2021

IBRO Neuroscience Reports

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Psychosis is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide and impairs the quality of life and productivity of the patients. Terminalia macroptera Guill & Perr. (Combrataceae) is a plant that is used in the management of anxiety related disorders. The present study investigates the antipsychotic effects of ethyl acetate fraction of T. macroptera (EFTM) leaf in ketamine-induced psychosis in mice. Acute toxicity of EFTM was determine using Lorke’s method. Ketamine (25 mg/kg) was injected once daily for 7 consecutive days in Swiss albino mice to induce psychosis. The effect of the extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated against psychotic-like behaviors induced by ketamine including locomotor activity and stereotypy in the open field test, immobility duration in the forced swim test, and memory impairment using the Y- maze test. The acute antipsychotic effect of EFTM was evaluated on apomorphine climbing test, while woodblock test was performed to assess its extrapyramidal side effects. The LD 50 was found to be 3807 mg/kg p.o. which is considered safe. EFTM (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) exhibited significant antipsychotic effect by reducing ketamine-induced hyperactivity, immobility, and memory deficit in mice, EFTM also suppressed stereotypic climbing behavior due to apomorphine. Accordingly, the antipsychotic activity of EFTM was not associated with extrapyramidal side effects as evidenced by lack of catalepsy. The study revealed that EFTM ameliorated psychotic-like symptoms and is devoid of extrapyramidal side effects in mice, underscoring its antipsychotic-like effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic-like effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia macroptera leaf in mice

Ior

Otimenyin

Okwuasaba

2021

IBRO Neuroscience Reports

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“…Stimulation of post-synaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, and/or blockage stimulation of 5-HT2 receptors by Mitragyna speciosa is also suggested. It is theorized that the effectiveness of the methanolic extract on alleviating positive and negative symptoms of psychosis may be due to inhibition of D 2 and 5-HT 2 receptors [63,64].…”

Section: Clinical Effects/pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitragyna speciosa: Clinical, Toxicological Aspects and Analysis in Biological and Non-Biological Samples

et al. 2019

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The abuse of psychotropic substances is a well-known phenomenon, and many of them are usually associated with ancestral traditions and home remedies. This is the case of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a tropical tree used to improve work performance and to withstand great heat. According to several published studies, the main reasons for kratom consumption involve improving sexual performance and endurance, but also social and recreational uses for the feeling of happiness and euphoria; it is also used for medical purposes as a pain reliever, and in the treatment of diarrhea, fever, diabetes, and hypertension. However, this plant has gained more popularity amongst young people over the last years. Since it is available on the internet for purchase, its use is now widely as a drug of abuse, namely as a new psychoactive substance, being a cheaper alternative to opioids that does not require medical prescription in most countries. According to internet surveys by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction in 2008 and 2011, kratom was one of the most widely supplied new psychoactive substances. The composition of kratom is complex; in fact, more than 40 different alkaloids have been identified in Mitragyna speciosa so far, the major constituent being mitragynine, which is exclusive to this plant. Besides mitragynine, alkaloids such as corynantheidine and 7-hydroxamitragynine also present pharmacological effects, a feature that may be attributed to the remaining constituents as well. The main goal of this review is not only to understand the origin, chemistry, consumption, and analytical methodologies for analysis and mechanism of action, but also the use of secondary metabolites of kratom as therapeutic drugs and the assessment of potential risks associated with its consumption, in order to aid health professionals, toxicologists, and police authorities in cases where this plant is present.

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“…Apomorphine (D 1 and D 2 agonist)-induced cage climbing and methamphetamine-induced stereotypy mouse models are widely used to screen for potential antipsychotic-like activity in test compounds in terms of their effects on positive symptoms of schizophrenia [ 12 , 16 ]. The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia revealed that hyperactivity of dopaminergic signal transduction (D 2 receptors) in the mesolimbic pathway is responsible for positive symptoms of schizophrenia [ 16 ]. Methamphetamine induces positive symptoms of psychosis by reversing the action of the dopamine transporter, thereby enhancing dopaminergic neurotransmission in the mesolimbic pathway [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic-like activity of scopoletin and rutin against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia in mouse models

Pandy

Vijeepallam

2017

Exp. Anim.

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In an earlier report, we demonstrated an antipsychotic-like activity of a methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn fruit in mouse models and postulated the contribution of its bioactive principles, scopoletin and rutin. Moreover, the antidopaminergic activities of scopoletin and rutin were reported in isolated vas deferens preparations. In the present study, scopoletin and rutin were assessed for antipsychotic-like activity using apomorphine-induced climbing behavior and methamphetamine-induced stereotypy in mice. The results of this study revealed that scopoletin and rutin (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, p.o.) had a “U-shaped” dose-dependent effect on climbing and stereotyped behaviors induced by apomorphine and methamphetamine, respectively, in mice. A significant reduction in climbing and stereotyped behaviors caused by scopoletin and rutin was observed only at a dose 0.1 mg/kg. This study suggests that scopoletin and rutin can alleviate positive symptoms of schizophrenia only at a specific dose. Further studies evaluating the effects of scopoletin and rutin on animal models for negative symptoms of schizophrenia are required for a novel drug discovery in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.

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Mitragyna speciosa Leaf Extract Exhibits Antipsychotic-Like Effect with the Potential to Alleviate Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis in Mice

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Antipsychotic-like effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia macroptera leaf in mice

Antipsychotic-like effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia macroptera leaf in mice

Mitragyna speciosa: Clinical, Toxicological Aspects and Analysis in Biological and Non-Biological Samples

Antipsychotic-like activity of scopoletin and rutin against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia in mouse models

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