Mitotic control by internal secretion: The role of the chalone-adrenalin complex

Bullough, W. S.; Laurence, Edna B.

doi:10.1016/s0014-4827(64)81025-9

Cited by 266 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This effect would most likely be transmitted via secreted factors and interpreted by their cognate receptors on ventricular zone/SVZ progenitors, with the eventual outcome of regulating cell numbers. This concept is akin to that of 'chalones', negative feedback factors secreted by tissues in proportion to their size to inhibit their own growth and eventually stabilize the size of the organ [38][39][40] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sip1 regulates sequential fate decisions by feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors

et al. 2009

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The fate of cortical progenitors, which progressively generate neurons and glial cells during development, is determined by temporally and spatially regulated signaling mechanisms. We found that the transcription factor Sip1 (Zfhx1b), which is produced at high levels in postmitotic neocortical neurons, regulates progenitor fate non-cell autonomously. Conditional deletion of Sip1 in young neurons induced premature production of upper-layer neurons at the expense of deep layers, precocious and increased generation of glial precursors, and enhanced postnatal astrocytogenesis. The premature upper-layer generation coincided with overexpression of the neurotrophin-3 (Ntf3) gene and upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 9 (Fgf9) gene expression preceded precocious gliogenesis. Exogenous application of Fgf9 to mouse cortical slices induced excessive generation of glial precursors in the germinal zone. Our data suggest that Sip1 restrains the production of signaling factors in postmitotic neurons that feed back to progenitors to regulate the timing of cell fate switch and the number of neurons and glial cells throughout corticogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sip1 regulates sequential fate decisions by feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors

et al. 2009

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“…This implies possible roles for locally produced factors in both positive-and negative-feedback mechanisms and the maintenance of homeostasis in the epidermis and dermis. Autocrine regulators previously identified in epidermal cells (chalones) have been found to be potent inhibitors of epidermal cell proliferation (11,12). This led to the belief that epidermal cell growth is regulated by negative feedback.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth regulation of skin cells by epidermal cell-derived factors: implications for wound healing.

Eisinger

Sadan

Silver

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Epidermal cell-derived factors (EDF), present in extracts and supernatant fluids of cultured epidermal cells, were found to stimulate the proliferation of keratinocytes but to inhibit fibroblasts. In vitro, the effect of EDF on epidermal cells resulted in an increased number of rapidly proliferating colonies composed mainly of basal keratinocytes. Control cultures grown in the absence of EDF had a high proportion of terminally differentiated cells. In fibroblast cultures EDF inhibited the ability of fibroblasts to cause contraction of collagen sponges by 90%. Epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor P, nerve growth factor, and extracts of WI-38 cells (human embryonic lung fibroblasts) did not have this inhibitory activity. Application of EDF to surgical wounds stimulated extensive migration and proliferation of keratinocytes from remnants of glands, hair follicles, and wound edges. The restoration of complete epidermal coverage of wounds treated with EDF occurred twice as rapidly as that of control wounds. In addition, regenerating dermis in the EDF-treated wounds contained 1/5th to 1/15th as many cells as wounds treated with epidermal growth factor, urogastrone, transforming growth factor, or phosphatebuffered saline. The use of EDF to enhance re-epithelization and to prevent scar formation is proposed.

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“…The existence of a number of growth inhibitors has been postulated (1,2), and growth-inhibitory fractions have been obtained from various mammalian cells and tissues (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Nevertheless, there are doubts as to the significance of endogenous growth inhibitors because most of the inhibitor preparations have low specific activity, the inhibitors have been difficult to purify, and with some preparations the causes of growth inhibition have, at least in part, turned out to be trivial (15)(16)(17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification of kidney epithelial cell growth inhibitors.

Holley¹,

Bőhlen²,

Fava³

et al. 1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

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Two high molecular weight growth inhibitors have been isolated from the culture medium of BSC-1 cells, epithelial cells of African green monkey kidney. The purified kidney epithelial cell growth inhibitors, at ng/ml concentrations, reversibly arrest the growth of BSC-1 cells in the GI phase of the cell cycle. Their action is selective; they are most active on BSC-1 cells, are less active as inhibitors of the growth of rat lung and human breast epithelial cells, and do not inhibit the growth of 3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts and human skin fibroblasts in culture. Their growth inhibitory action on BSC-1 cell cultures is counteracted by epidermal growth factor or calf serum.One of the areas of ignorance that remains in our broad understanding of the control of growth of mammalian cells is the subject of endogenous growth inhibitors. The existence of a number of growth inhibitors has been postulated (1, 2), and growth-inhibitory fractions have been obtained from various mammalian cells and tissues (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Nevertheless, there are doubts as to the significance of endogenous growth inhibitors because most of the inhibitor preparations have low specific activity, the inhibitors have been difficult to purify, and with some preparations the causes of growth inhibition have, at least in part, turned out to be trivial (15-17). There is no doubt that highly active growth inhibitors exist for mammalian cells, because interferon and corticotropin are extremely active as growth inhibitors in certain cell cultures (18,19), but the inhibitory activities of these two substances could be incidental to their other biological activities. Because of the potential significance of growth inhibitors and because purified inhibitors could be very useful in the manipulation of growth of mammalian cells, we have undertaken further studies in this area.Density-dependent regulation of growth of BSC-1 cells (African green monkey kidney epithelial cells) has been found to result in part from the accumulation of growth inhibitors in the culture medium (20). The present paper describes the isolation of high molecular weight growth inhibitors from the culture medium of these cells. The growth inhibitors have very high specific activities, approximately equal to the specific activities of interferon and corticotropin in their respective cell culture assays. The new growth inhibitors appear to be selective in the types of cells on which they act. MATERIALS AND METHODSCell Cultures. BSC-1 cell stock cultures were maintained as previously described (21) in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DME medium) (22) Preparation of Conditioned Medium. Dense BSC-1 cell cultures, used for preparation of conditioned medium, were grown in 15-cm Falcon tissue culture plates in DME medium with 1% calf serum. The medium was changed once a week until the cells reached a density of approximately 1.5 X 105 cells per cm2. The cultures were then maintained in DME medium with 0.1% calf serum. To prepare conditioned medium, the cultu...

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Mitotic control by internal secretion: The role of the chalone-adrenalin complex

Cited by 266 publications

References 13 publications

Sip1 regulates sequential fate decisions by feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors

Sip1 regulates sequential fate decisions by feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors

Growth regulation of skin cells by epidermal cell-derived factors: implications for wound healing.

Purification of kidney epithelial cell growth inhibitors.

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