Mitogenic Effect of Phytohaemagglutinin at Different Ages

Pisciotta, Anthony V.; Westring, David W.; Deprey, Cecelia; Walsh, Brian W.

doi:10.1038/215193a0

Cited by 184 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Unlike previous studies that have established reduced in vitro reactivity of lymphocytes to PHA with ageing of man (Pisciotta, Westring, de Prey & Walsh, 1967;Hallgren, Buckley, Gilbertsen & Yunis, 1973;Weksler & Hiutteroth, 1973), our findings reveal an age-related decrease in lymphocyte response to a specific and widely-used antigen, tetanus toxoid.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Relationship between lymphocyte response to tetanus toxoid and age of lymphocyte donor

Peel

Edsall

White³

et al. 1978

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYAn investigation of the in vitro responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes to tetanus toxoid was undertaken to determine the extent to which such reactivity might reflect in vivo reactions to tetanus toxoid immunization. It was found that lymphocyte transformation in the presence of tetanus toxoid, as measured by the uptake of tritiated thymidine, did not differ significantly for the group giving local or systemic reactions to tetanus toxoid and an immune control group. However, a striking inverse relation between lymphocyte reactivity to tetanus toxoid and age of the cell donors of both groups became clear. Such an age-related decline in the in vitro responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes to a specific antigen has apparently not been reported previously in man.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Relationship between lymphocyte response to tetanus toxoid and age of lymphocyte donor

Peel

Edsall

White³

et al. 1978

J. Hyg.

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“…The widely held belief that bilirubin photodegradation is the responsible mechanism for lowering serum UCB in neonatal phototherapy (5) began to erode with the discovery of an apparent augmented excretion of UCB in the bile of Gunn rats (19) and jaundiced babies (10) undergoing light irradiation. This important finding was extremely intriguing because UCB normally cannot be excreted by the liver unless it is converted to polar conjugates, principally glucuronides (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell-mediated immunity is known to show age-related decrease. It has generally been thought that the number of PH A-responsive cells in cultures in peripheral lymphocytes decreases as a function of the age of the donors (10,11,19,29). The proliferation kinetics of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from young individuals appeared to be relatively homogeneous when compared with that of an aged group (26).…”

Section: 1----------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytidine 5'-Diphosphate Reductase and Thymidine Kinase Activities in Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated Lymphocytes of Normal Subjects of Various Ages and Patients with Immunodeficiency

et al. 1984

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SummaryThe activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase in 10 6 to 5 X 10 6 phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes isolated from 2 to 5 ml of peripheral blood of individual subjects were measured. The activities of CDP reductase (pmolfh/10 7 cells) and thymidine kinase (nmolfh/10 7 cells) were high in infants, 698 ± 307 and 64.2 ± 20.2, constant in subjects of 1-40 years old, 401 ± 181 and 38.1 ± 15.3, and low in persons of more than 80 years old, 121 ± 113 and 22.3 ± 17.8, respectively.The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity increased with age, indicating that dependency on the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis in lymphocytes increased with age. The activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase were reduced in patients with the hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with hyperimmunoglobulin A, Bloom's syndrome, immunodeficiency with hyperimmunoglobulinemia, and Down's syndrome. The clinical symptoms of these diseases seem to be due to impaired DNA synthesis of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes, but the degrees of reduction of enzyme activities were generally greater than that of thymidine incorporation in these patients. AbbreviationsPHA, phytohemagglutinin HEPES, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid Ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase are thought to be rate-limiting enzymes in the de novo and salvage pathways, respectively, of DNA biosynthesis. Since the activities of these enzymes have been shown to be increased in rapidly proliferating tissues, such as tumors (8,24,28), developing organs (8, 12, 16), and regenerating liver (15, 28), it has been thought that these activities closely reflect the rate of DNA synthesis (25,28).Deficiencies of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase are observed in severe combined immunodeficiency. Immunodeficiency is thought to be due to inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase by the accumulation of deoxyadenosine triphosphate in adenosine deaminase deficiency (6) and deoxyguanosine triphosphate in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency (5), because both deoxynucleotides are strong inhibitors of mammalian ribonucleotide reductase (9). From these considerations, ribonucleotide reductase activity in lymphocytes may closely reflect the manifestation of immunity.On stimulation by PHA, lymphocytes are.transformed into cells showing enhanced DNA synthesis arid consequently increased thymidine incorporation into DNA. Thymidine kinase catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step from thymidine to DNA in this pathway. Since measurement of [3H]thymidine incorporation is reported not to be a precise assay of cell proliferation (2), measurements of ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase activities should indicate better whether immunodeficiency and various other diseases are attributable to impaired DNA synthesis. These enzymes are difficult to assay in normal tissues because their activities are so low (25), but their activities are considerably increased i...

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“…Notably, in the elderly, the blastogenic response of lymphocytes to mitogen is low and the amount of LFA-1 on immune cells is high (Chiricolo et al, 1995;Franceschi et al, 2000;Gillis et al, 1981;Pisciotta et al, 1967;Powers et al, 1992). In addition, it was shown that polyamine extends the lifespan of cultured immune cells (Eisenberg et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Effects of Polyamines on the Prevention of Aging-associated Diseases and on Lifespan Extension

Soda

2015

FSTR

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Mitogenic Effect of Phytohaemagglutinin at Different Ages

Cited by 184 publications

References 3 publications

Relationship between lymphocyte response to tetanus toxoid and age of lymphocyte donor

Relationship between lymphocyte response to tetanus toxoid and age of lymphocyte donor

Cytidine 5'-Diphosphate Reductase and Thymidine Kinase Activities in Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated Lymphocytes of Normal Subjects of Various Ages and Patients with Immunodeficiency

Biological Effects of Polyamines on the Prevention of Aging-associated Diseases and on Lifespan Extension

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