Mitogenic activity of pituitary hormones on cell cultures of normal and carcinogen-induced tumor epithelium from rat mammary glands

Ps, Rudland; Hallowes, R. C.; Durbin, Helga; Lewis, D. J.

doi:10.1083/jcb.73.3.561

Cited by 69 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…bFGF was first reported to act as a mitogen for breast cancer cells by Karey and Sirbasku (1988) although it had previously been shown to stimulate the growth of rat mammary myoepithelial and stromal cell lines (Rudland et al, 1977;Smith et al, 1984). In this study, bFGF alone increased cell numbers to a limited extent in the absence of oestradiol but in contrast to the other growth factors tested, bFGF acted synergistically with oestradiol.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Modulation of the proliferative response of breast cancer cells to growth factors by oestrogen

Stewart

Westley²,

May³

1992

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryA number of growth factors have been implicated in the control of the proliferation of breast cancer cells and some have been reported to mediate the proliferative effects of oestradiol. MCF-7 cells were treated with growth factors in the presence and absence of oestradiol. Oestradiol increased the response of cells to the proliferative effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-M) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and cathepsin D had no effect in the presence or absence of oestradiol while TGF-P slightly reduced the stimulation by oestradiol. In the absence of oestradiol, there was little effect of combinations of growth factors although the effects of bFGF and IGF-I were additive. In the presence of oestradiol, the effects of bFGF and TGF-a were additive whereas bFGF acted as an IGF-I antagonist. Overall, bFGF had the greatest effect on cell proliferation although this was less marked than the previously described effect of the IGFs and insulin. (Lippman et al., 1976;Johnson et al., 1989). They therefore provide useful systems for studying the interactions between various growth factors and for understanding the mechanisms involved in the stimulation of proliferation by oestrogens and the interactions between growth factors and steroids.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Modulation of the proliferative response of breast cancer cells to growth factors by oestrogen

Stewart

Westley²,

May³

1992

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The required concentration of an ordinary nutrient is usually on the order of 103 to 1 nmol/mol. Peptide growth factors such as epidermal growth factor, somatomedin, or multiplicationstimulating activity (MSA) are known to stimulate thymidine incorporation into DNA at the order of 10-1 to 10-3 nmol/ml (11)(12)(13)(14). Under our experimental conditions, no significant growth-stimulatory effect of PEtn was observed below 10-1 Cell Biology: Kano-Sueoka et al 5744 Cell Biology: Kano-Sueoka et al nmol/ml.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Phosphoethanolamine as a growth factor of a mammary carcinoma cell line of rat.

Kano-Sueoka¹,

Cohen²,

Yamaizumi³

et al. 1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have identified phosphoethanolamine as the pituitary-derived growth-promoting material that specifically stimulates the rat mammary carcinoma cell line 64-24. We have been studying the growth characteristics of the 64-24 cell line, which was isolated from a highly hormone-dependent tumor and which retains in culture many characteristics of the original tumor. Previously, crude bovine pituitar extract was shown to contain a significant amount of growth-stimulating activity for these cells, and a growth factor from this extract was purified to homogeneity. This report describes the identification of the growth factor as phosphoethanolamine. Further, the biological activity of phosphoethanolamine was found to be virtually identical to that of the purified growth factor. A possible role of phosphoethanolamine in the growth of mammary tumor cells as well as of normal mammary epithelial cells and other tissues is discussed.We have been studying growth characteristics in culture of a clonal line of hormone-dependent rat mammary carcinoma, 64-24. The MCCLX tumor, from which the 64-24 line was isolated, requires the functional pituitary for growth: hypophysectomy of the tumor-bearing animals caused the regression of the tumor (1). Injection of prolactin to the hypophysectomized animals, however, partially restored the growth of the tumor, indicating that the tumor requires prolactin for growth (2). We have previously shown that the cells proliferate well in the presence of fetal calf serum, but that they do not proliferate, or do so only slowly, in the presence of calf serum. Known pituitary hormones, including prolactin, when added to the calf serum-supplemented medium, have not been able to stimulate the growth of 64-24 cells, however (1). This led us to examine the growth-stimulatory activity of crude pituitary extract. Indeed, we found that the crude bovine pituitary extract contains the growth-stimulatory activity of the 64-24 cells (3); subsequently, this pituitary-derived growth factor for mammary cells (MGF) was purified to homogeneity (4). The factor is a ninhydrin-positive, acidic, hydrophilic material whose molecular weight is less than 1000. Now, we have identified MGF as phosphoethanolamine (PEtn).MATERIAL AND METHODS Materials. Bovine pituitary glands were purchased from Pel-Freez. Calf serum and horse serum were from Microbiological Associates (Walkerville, MD) and Flow Laboratories (Inglewood, CA), and fetal calf serum was obtained from KC Biologicals (Lenexa, KS). PEtn was synthesized by A. Oikawa, Tohoku University School of Medicine, and ethanolamine was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical institute, Tokyo, Japan. Cheng Chin polyamide layer sheets were from Accurate Chemical and Scientific, Hicksville, NY. Purification Procedure. A partial purification procedure of MGF has been published (3), and the complete purification procedure has also been described (4). Frozen bovine pituitaries were homogenized in a Waring Blendor with two vol of cold 0.075 M acetic acid for 5 min at 4VC. The homogenat...

show abstract

“…Although perphenazine treatment (Ben-David, 1968) has been widely used (Salomon et al, 1981;Rudland et al, 1977;Hallowes et al, 1977) to increase the Fig. 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Using monolayer systems, Rudland et al (1977) and Hallowes et al (1977) demonstrated that the addition of I + PRL + F, with or without P, to serum-containing media could increase…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential response of normal rat mammary epithelial cells to mammogenic hormones and EGF

McGrath

Palmer

Nandi

1985

Journal Cellular Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A simple dissociation procedure and the collagen gel culture system have been utilized to determine the effects of mammogenic hormones and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the proliferation of normal rat mammary epithelial (RME) cells in serum-free culture. Epithelial fragments, isolated from normal virgin F344 rat mammary glands by enzyme digestion followed by Percoll density gradient centrifugation, were embedded within a rat tail collagen matrix. A three- to four-fold increase in cell number was observed when ovine prolactin (PRL) and progesterone (P) were present in the basal medium during 7 days of culture. Mouse EGF stimulated one cell doubling during the same culture period. Isolated mammary organoids produced a 'stellate' type colony when PRL + P were present in the culture medium. These colonies were composed of small, tightly packed cuboidal cells. The addition of EGF to the basal medium produced a diffuse 'basket' type colony which was composed of large, elongate cells. When the complete hormonal and growth factor combination (PRL + P + EGF) was present, a 'mixed' type colony was observed which contained both the large and small epithelial cell types. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that both the cuboidal and elongate cells present in the two colony types stained with antibodies to keratin indicating that these cells were epithelial in nature. The small cuboidal cells also expressed thioesterase II and alpha-lactalbumin, both specific for secretory mammary epithelial cells. The large, elongate cell type, however, was positive for actin but did not stain for either secretory epithelial specific marker. The results reported here suggest that normal rat mammary tissue may contain two epithelial populations, one which responds to PRL + P and the other which responds to EGF.

show abstract

Mitogenic activity of pituitary hormones on cell cultures of normal and carcinogen-induced tumor epithelium from rat mammary glands

Cited by 69 publications

References 34 publications

Modulation of the proliferative response of breast cancer cells to growth factors by oestrogen

Modulation of the proliferative response of breast cancer cells to growth factors by oestrogen

Phosphoethanolamine as a growth factor of a mammary carcinoma cell line of rat.

Differential response of normal rat mammary epithelial cells to mammogenic hormones and EGF

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About