Mitochondrial transport, partitioning, and quality control at the heart of cell proliferation and fate acquisition

Abstract

Mitochondria are essential to cell homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial distribution, segregation or turnover have been linked to complex pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. Understanding how these functions are coordinated in specific cell types is a major challenge to discover how mitochondria globally shape cell functionality. In this review, we will first describe how mitochondrial transport and dynamics are regulated throughout the cell cycle in yeast and in mammals. Second, we will explore the functional consequences of mitochondrial transport and partitioning on cell proliferation, fate acquisition, stemness, and on the way cells adapt their metabolism. Last, we will focus on how mitochondrial clearance programs represent a further layer of complexity for cell differentiation, or in the maintenance of stemness. Defining how mitochondrial transport, dynamics and clearance are mutually orchestrated in specific cell types may help our understanding of how cells can transition from a physiological to a pathological state.

The BBSome regulates mitochondria dynamics and function

“…To test the implications of the morphological changes in mitochondria induced by loss of the BBSome, we assessed mitochondrial function. Correct mitochondrial position within cells plays an important role in cell division, migration, and survival [ 36 ]. Actin- and microtubulin-dependent mitochondrial trafficking are two major mechanisms that mediate mitochondrial mobility.…”

Study on the Key Genes and Molecular Mechanisms of IL-27 Promoting Keratinocytes Proliferation Based on Transcriptome Sequencing

“…Mitochondrial function and dynamics play an important role in the regulation of cellular growth and proliferation. 13 , 14 For this reason, we evaluated the effect of IL-27 on mitochondria in keratinocytes. Both primary cells and HaCaT cells were divided into control group and IL-27 group.…”

The critical role of cardiolipin in metazoan differentiation, development, and maturation

“…The central role of mitochondria in cell apoptosis also contributes to embryonic size, shape, and growth, as well as culling abnormal cells from this rapidly developing organism 153 and tissue remodeling. 152,154 In the overall mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway, stress conditions lead to the translocation of normal CL to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Once translocated, CL recruits intrinsic apoptotic factors that contribute to the permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane.…”

“…During development, apoptosis is necessary to counterbalance cell proliferation and regulate tissue growth. The central role of mitochondria in cell apoptosis also contributes to embryonic size, shape, and growth, as well as culling abnormal cells from this rapidly developing organism 153 and tissue remodeling 152,154 …”