Mitochondrial DNA variation reveals distinct lineages in Penaeus semisulcatus (Decapoda, Penaeidae) from the Indo‐West Pacific Ocean

Abstract

Penaeus semisulcatus, the green tiger prawn, is an ecologically and economically important penaeid shrimp in the Indo-West Pacific region, especially in rice-shrimp farming and capture fisheries in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, respectively. Genetic variation and phylogeography of samples of this species from Bangladesh and Sri Lanka were studied utilizing different mitochondrial DNA markers, i.e. cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1), control region (CR) and 16S rRNA genes. No evidence of population structure was observed in Bangladesh, but distinct variations were found among the Sri Lankan samples (Φ ST = 0.04, p = .002; F ST = 0.07, p = .001), with the western sample differing from the northwestern and southern samples. The Bangladesh population had lower genetic diversity than two of the three Sri Lanka populations. The phylogeography of P. semisulcatus revealed two distinct mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages, one in the Western Pacific Ocean and second in the Indian Ocean. The Bangladesh samples showed highest levels of similarity with samples from Sri Lanka, India and Malaysia, with the Bangladesh and Sri Lanka populations sharing the most common recent ancestry. Among the Indian Ocean samples, high levels of variation were observed in the samples from Iran, indicating admixture of two distinct mtDNA lineages, one shared by the populations from the Bay of Bengal and the other possibly originating from Eastern Africa. The genetic and phylogeographic information obtained in this study will be useful in appropriate planning for management and conservation of shrimp fisheries in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, and in the Indo-West Pacific region. K E Y W O R D S 16S rRNA, Bangladesh, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1, mitochondrial control region, phylogeography, Sri Lanka 1

Recent Phylogeographic Studies Revealed Distinct lineages In Penaeid Shrimps

“…Phylogeographic analysis of Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan 1844 showed clear patterns in the Indo-West Pacific region with a split across the Sunda-Shelf. The Indian Ocean samples (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia and Iran) clustered together in a West Sunda-Shelf group but the samples from China and Philippines clustered in an East Sunda-Shelf group [20]. Individuals from Iran showed admixture of two lineages and high nucleotide diversity, one shared with Bay of Bengal and possibly western Indian Ocean populations and one distinct [20].…”

“…A number of studies have applied at different depth, using mitochondrial DNA and nuclear markers to infer genetic patterns in prawns and shrimps and have revealed distinct lineages associated with known biogeographic barriers i.e. the Sunda-Shelf [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and the Isthmus of Kra [23,24,]. The phylogeographic patterns in the Indo-West Pacific region can be explained largely by historical sea-level fluctuations associated with the known biogeographic barriers: the Sunda-shelf and the Isthmus of Kra, which connected the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and Borneo with extensive land bridges at 50m depth contour below present level around 11kyrs ago [25].…”

Historical demography and genetic differentiation of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Bangladesh based on mitochondrial and ddRAD sequence variation

“…has until recently been mostly unexplored, but recent studies on Penaid shrimps in Bangladesh have uncovered high levels of genetic diversity (Alam, de Croos, & Pálsson, 2016;Alam, Westfall, & Pálsson, 2015Hurwood et al, 2014).…”

“…Genetic diversity facilitates further evolution given environmental change and may in addition play a key ecosystem function (Reusch & Hughes, ). Information of genetic variation in M. rosenbergii in Bangladesh has until recently been mostly unexplored, but recent studies on Penaid shrimps in Bangladesh have uncovered high levels of genetic diversity (Alam, de Croos, & Pálsson, ; Alam & Pálsson, ; Alam, Westfall, & Pálsson, , ; Hurwood et al., ). Several genetic studies have been applied to M. rosenbergii including allozymes (reviewed in Agarwal et al., ), mtDNA (De Bruyn et al, ; Hurwood et al., ), microsatellites (Hurwood et al., ; Khan et al., ), and more recently identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (Agarwal et al., ; Jung et al., ).…”

Estimation of genetic variation in green tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus by using random amplified polymorphic DNA, inter simple sequence repeat and simple sequence repeat markers

“…(Rebello, Joseph, & Silvester, ) used biochemical methods (protein and enzyme profile) of P. semisulcatus to detect population structure. In other studies genetic diversity and genetic variation were determined in P. semisulcatus using mtDNA genes by the PCR‐RFLP method (Alam, De Croos, & Pálsson, ; Jahromi, Othman, & Rosazlina, ; Khamnamtong, Klinbunga, & Menasveta, ; Munasinghe & Senevirathna, ; Rezvani, Babaei, & Pourkazemi, ; Sharawy et al, , ). The limitation of mtDNA is maternally inherited and considered as a single locus.…”