Mitochondrial Metabolism and Insulin Action

Turner, Nigel

doi:10.5772/56449

Cited by 1 publication

(8 citation statements)

References 250 publications

(290 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This supposition is in accordance with the fact that the performance of both the cardiovascular system and tissue respiration (arteriovenous oxygen difference) also increases during acute stress [2,10,14]. The shift from free fatty acid to glucose consumption plays a crucial role in achieving maximal metabolic performance, while first messengers (adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon), second messengers (e.g., adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) and A3 receptors are also important participants in ensuring the increased cellular uptake of glucose and free fatty acids [1,2,10,[13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Acute Stress Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in the second disharmonic, dysmetabolic phase, malfunction of glucose-dependent mitochondrial aerobic oxidation gradually develops. In allostatic overload, the disharmonic playing of the uncontrolled orchestra results in ineffective metabolic performance, i.e., dysmetabolism [2,5,6,7,14,16].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Acute Stress Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During acute stress, along with cellular metabolic events, specific transport parameters of the blood are present: elevated catecholamine, cortisol, glucagon, blood glucose and free fatty acid levels [2,13,16]. Importantly, a minimal amount of insulin is also required to achieve maximal metabolic performance in acute stress [2,7].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Acute Stress Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although in the repetitive stress-induced hypermetabolic state, the energy supply is mainly based on free fatty acid consumption, the prerequisite of supernormal metabolic performance is the complete realization of glucose-related cytosolic and mitochondrial metabolic processes: "fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates" [2,6,14,16].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Repetitive Stress Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary and second messenger characteristics of the inter-stress period basically differ from that of the stress reaction. Both are characterised by glucose mobilization, but in the anabolic nutritive state, insulin plays a fundamental role, while in acute stress metabolism of maximal metabolic performance, the main mediators are adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon and adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase; however, the role of a limited amount of insulin in achieving allostasis must also be emphasized [2,6,13,16,18].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Repetitive Stress Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Stress Characterization is a more Reliable Approach for the Assessment of Metabolism than Blood Glucose Value

Simon¹

2021

J Diabet Res Rev Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stress reaction (acute, repetitive or chronic stress patterns) is a non-specific response of an organism to a pathological state. The metabolic characteristics of these stress patterns are well documented. Recognizing the interrelation between a stress-induced pathological state and the relevant pattern of the resultant stress reaction can provide a more accurate assessment of actual cellular metabolism than an approach relying on blood glucose values. Stress activation is obligatorily associated with negative energetic balance in affected cellular metabolism, which is reversed by elimination of the stressor. Prolongation of the stress reaction is a marker indicating the ineffective elimination of the causal stressor. Chronic stress induces progressive self-generating cellular metabolic dysfunction, resulting in the development of both diabetic and ischaemic disorders. Chronic stress conditions are characterized by reductions in inducible metabolic capacity, acute stress tolerance, and functional performance, accompanied by stress-specific micro- and macroscopic alterations. Chronic stress can be activated by both somatic and psychomental stressors. Diabetes, starvation, obesity, ageing, pregnancy, and any chronic disease state of a vital organ are associated with activation of stress reaction. The increased susceptibility of diabetic patients on gliflozins to the development of postoperative euglycaemic ketoacidosis can be explained by a reduction in chronic stress-associated acute stress tolerance, related mainly to diabetes, and a relative glucose deficiency induced by gliflozin therapy. Chronic hyperglycaemia associated with chronic stress should be considered both the primary cause and the secondary consequence of cellular dysmetabolism. Achievement of near-normoglycaemia is a beneficial effect but is not a causal intervention

show abstract