Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and DNA Stainability in Human Sperm Cells: A Flow Cytometry Analysis with Implications for Male Infertility

Troiano, Leonarda; Granata, Antonio R. M.; Cossarizza, Andrea; Kalashnikova, Galina; Bianchi, Rita; Pini, Gian Andrea; Tropea, Franco; Carani, Cesare; Franceschi, Claudio

doi:10.1006/excr.1998.4064

Cited by 145 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Indeed, and although accurately monitoring MMP in sperm may be challenging (Amaral & Ramalho-Santos 2010), this parameter clearly correlates with functional sperm parameters, including motility (Troiano et al 1998, Marchetti et al 2002, Gallon et al 2006, Paoli et al 2011, Wang et al 2012, and with fertilisation ability, monitored both in model systems and in patients undergoing assisted reproduction (Kasai et al 2002, Marchetti et al 2012. Interestingly, recent data suggest that the sperm motility of patients with abnormal sperm parameters can be enhanced by incubation with myoinositol, and this seems to be paralleled by an increase in the proportion of sperm with high MMP (Condorelli et al 2012).…”

Section: Mitochondrial Functionality and Sperm Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria functionality and sperm quality

Amaral¹,

Lourenço²,

Marques³

et al. 2013

Reproduction

433

332

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Although mitochondria are best known for being the eukaryotic cell powerhouses, these organelles participate in various cellular functions besides ATP production, such as calcium homoeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis. The aim of this review was to discuss the putative roles of mitochondria in mammalian sperm function and how they may relate to sperm quality and fertilisation ability, particularly in humans. Although paternal mitochondria are degraded inside the zygote, sperm mitochondrial functionality seems to be critical for fertilisation. Indeed, changes in mitochondrial integrity/functionality, namely defects in mitochondrial ultrastructure or in the mitochondrial genome, transcriptome or proteome, as well as low mitochondrial membrane potential or altered oxygen consumption, have been correlated with loss of sperm function (particularly with decreased motility). Results from genetically engineered mouse models also confirmed this trend. On the other hand, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria derived ATP is not crucial for sperm motility and that glycolysis may be the main ATP supplier for this particular aspect of sperm function. However, there are contradictory data in the literature regarding sperm bioenergetics. The relevance of sperm mitochondria may thus be associated with their role in other physiological features, particularly with the production of ROS, which in controlled levels are needed for proper sperm function. Sperm mitochondria may also serve as intracellular Ca 2C stores, although their role in signalling is still unclear.

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Section: Mitochondrial Functionality and Sperm Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria functionality and sperm quality

Amaral¹,

Lourenço²,

Marques³

et al. 2013

Reproduction

433

332

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main weakness of R123 is that it has low sensitivity and mitochondria have several energy-independent binding sites. 81 The mitochondrial probe MitoTracker Green 82 is non-fluorescent in aqueous solution, but fluoresces green upon accumulation in the mitochondria regardless of mitochondrial membrane potential. 83 The mitochondrial stain 5,59,6,69-tetrachloro-1,19,3,39-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1; Figure 5) that exists as a monomer at low concentration yielding green does permit a distinction to be made between spermatozoa with poorly and highly functional mitochondria.…”

Section: Sperm Intactnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometry for the assessment of animal sperm integrity and functionality: state of the art

Hossain¹,

Johannisson²,

Wallgren³

et al. 2011

Asian J Androl

139

120

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Flow cytometry is now a recognized methodology within animal spermatology, and has moved from being a research tool to become routine in the assessment of animal semen destined to breeding. The availability of 'bench-top' flow cytometers and of newer and versatile markers for cell structure and function had allowed the instrumentation to measure more sperm parameters, from viability to reactiveness when exposed to exogenous stimuli, and to increase our capabilities to sort spermatozoa for potential fertilizing capacity, or chromosomal sex. The present review summarizes the state of the art regarding flow cytometry applied to animal andrology, albeit keeping an open comparative intent. It critically evaluates the present and future capabilities of flow cytometry for the diagnostics of potential fertility and for the development of current reproductive technologies such as sperm freezing, sperm selection and sperm sorting. The flow cytometry methods will probably further revolutionize our understanding of the sperm physiology and their functionality, and will undoubtedly extend its application in isolating many uncharacterized features of spermatozoa. However, continuous follow-up of the methods is a necessity owing to technical developments and the complexity of mapping spermatozoa.

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“…However, some mitochondrial markers, such as rhodamine 123, are able to identify sperm with varying degrees of mitochondrial function (Johnson et al 1981;Windsor and White 1993;Troiano et al 1998). Rather than being 'all-or-none' assays (as is the case with viability markers), some mitochondrial stains may be able to determine degrees of cell function.…”

Section: Motors Need Fuel: the Mitochondrial Sheathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving to the beat: a review of mammalian sperm motility regulation

Turner¹

2006

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

245

184

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Abstract. Because it is generally accepted that a high percentage of poorly motile or immotile sperm will adversely affect male fertility, analysis of sperm motility is a central part of the evaluation of male fertility. In spite of its importance to fertility, poor sperm motility remains only a description of a pathology whose underlying cause is typically poorly understood. The present review is designed to bring the clinician up to date with the most current understanding of the mechanisms that regulate sperm motility and to raise questions about how aberrations in these mechanisms could be the underlying causes of this pathology.

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Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and DNA Stainability in Human Sperm Cells: A Flow Cytometry Analysis with Implications for Male Infertility

Cited by 145 publications

References 47 publications

Mitochondria functionality and sperm quality

Mitochondria functionality and sperm quality

Flow cytometry for the assessment of animal sperm integrity and functionality: state of the art

Moving to the beat: a review of mammalian sperm motility regulation

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