Mitochondrial genomes of Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. incognita (Nematoda: Tylenchina): Comparative analysis, gene order and phylogenetic relationships with other nematodes

The complete mitochondrial genome of Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), the first sequenced representative of the subfamily Aphelenchoidinae

“…6) to examine the phylogenetic relationships between 42 nematode species, including the newly sequenced A. besseyi, based on the combined amino-acid sequences of 12 protein-encoding genes (1826 amino acids each). The topology of the Bayesian tree is similar to some mitogenome-based phy logenetic trees reported previously (Liu et al, 2013;Sul tana et al, 2013a;Humphreys-Pereira & Elling, 2014;Sun et al, 2014). Using two arthropod species (Lithobius forficatus and Limulus polyphemus) as outgroup taxa, this phylogenetic tree forms two monophyletic groups with high support (Bayesian posterior probability (BPP) were both 1.00).…”

“…The gene content is typical of mitogenomes of all other nematodes in Chromadorea and contains 12 protein coding proteins (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and a non-coding region, but lacks an atp8 gene ( Table 2). All of the 36 genes are transcribed in the same direction, the gene arrangement of the A. besseyi mitogenome being identical to those of B. mucronatus and B. xylophilus (Sultana et al, 2013a, b) but distinct from those of other nematodes (He et al, 2005;Jacob et al, 2009;Gibson et al, 2011;Humphreys-Pereira & Elling, 2014). Gene overlaps were observed at seven gene junctions and involved a total of 45 bp, the longest overlap (29 bp) existing between cob and tRNAUu(-CUN\ Not considering the longest non-coding region (3142 bp), Gene scaling is only approximate.…”

“…This phylogenetic analysis shows that the in fraorder Tylenchomorpha is paraphyletic. In the phyloge netic trees inferred from mitogenomes (Liu et al, 2013;Sultana et al, 2013a;Humphreys-Pereira & Elling, 2014;Sun et al, 2014) and SSU (Blaxter et al, 1998), the Ty lenchomorpha is also paraphyletic. In addition, the cur rent phylogenetic analysis of the mitogenome shows that A. besseyi and the two Bursaphelenchus species are sis ter groups.…”

“…Currently, the complete or near-complete mitogenomes of more than 80 species of nematode are available in GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, last accessed 20 May 2014). However, only nine mitogenomes from PPN have been sequenced (He et al, 2005;Jacob et al, 2009;Gibson et a l, 2011;Sultana et al, 2013a, b;Besnard et al, 2014;Humphreys-Pereira & Elling, 2014;Sun et al, 2014). Among these, the mitogenomes of two Bursaphelenchus species (B. mucronatus and B. xylophilus) within the family Aphelenchoididae have been reported (Sultana et al, 2013 a, b), but no mitogenomes of Aphelenchoides, a genus that belong to the same family but a different sub family, are currently sequenced.…”

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Meloidogyne graminicola (Tylenchina): A Unique Gene Arrangement and Its Phylogenetic Implications

“…While this revised article was in preparation, two papers were published online that reported three complete mt genomes: M. graminicola (20,030 bp) [43], M. chitwoodi (∼19.7 kb) and M. incognita (∼18.6–19.1 kb) [44]. The size of these mt genomes of Meloidogyne is well within the range detected in the completely sequenced Chromadoreans.…”