Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Land Snail
            <i>Oreohelix idahoensis</i>

Linscott, T. Mason; Parent, Christine

doi:10.1128/mra.01693-18

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…While the results of Xie et al [ 86 ] grouped Orthalicoidea with Limacoidea, the results of Damatac and Fontanilla [ 88 ] grouped them with Succineoidea. The results of Linscott and Parent [ 89 ] grouped Orthalicoidea as follows: Punctoidea + (Orthalicoidea + (Succineoidea + Achatinelloidea)); however, the results of Doğan et al [ 7 ] grouped Orthalicoidea + Arionoidea. Thus, this variation in the evolutionary affinities evidences an insufficient representativeness of the different taxonomic levels within Stylommatophora since the proposed relations are changing as new mitogenomes are made available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora

2021

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Here we report the first complete mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (d’Orbigny, 1836) (Gastropoda: Succineidae). Sequencing was performed on a specimen from Argentina. Assembly was performed using Sanger data and Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome was 13,984 bp in length and encoded the 37 typical Metazoan genes. A potential origin for mitochondrial DNA replication was found in a non-coding intergenic spacer (49 bp) located between cox3 and tRNA-Ile genes, and its secondary structure was characterized. Secondary structure models of the tRNA genes of O. unguis largely agreed with those proposed for other mollusks. Secondary structure models for the two rRNA genes were also obtained. To our knowledge, the 12S-rRNA model derived here is the first complete one available for mollusks. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitogenomes of O. unguis and 37 other species of Stylommatophora were performed using amino acid sequences from the 13 protein-coding genes. Our results located Succineoidea as a sister group of Helicoidea + Urocoptoidea, similar to previous studies based on mitochondrial genomes. The gene arrangement of O. unguis was identical to that reported for another species of Succineoidea. The unique rearrangements observed for this group within Stylommatophora, may constitute synapomorphies for the superfamily.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora

2021

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“…The Front Range of Colorado-where our snail samples originated from-has seen many striking changes in the past century, including expansion of residential and commercial land development marked by intensive landuse conversions, even in rural, mountainous areas [61]. As O. strigosa are typically ecologically specialized to small segments of montane ecosystems [62], disruptions in the form of quarrying, habitat fragmentation, and general human presence may contribute to biodiversity loss and greatly impact their microbiomes or cause dysbiosis.…”

Section: Location and Gut Microbiome Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome of century-old snail specimens stable across time in preservation

Chalifour

Elder

2022

Microbiome

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Background Museum biological specimens provide a unique means of gathering ecological information that spans wide temporal ranges. Museum specimens can also provide information on the microbial communities that persist within the host specimen. Together, these provide researchers valuable opportunities to study long-term trends and mechanisms of microbial community change. The effects of decades-long museum preservation on host-microbial communities have not been systematically assessed. The University of Colorado’s Museum of Natural History has densely sampled Oreohelix strigosa (Rocky Mountainsnail) for the past century; many are preserved in ethanol, which provides an excellent opportunity to explore how the microbiome changes across time in preservation. Results We used 16S rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) gene amplicon sequencing to examine Oreohelix strigosa gut microbiomes from museum specimens across a 98-year range, as well as within short-term preservation treatments collected in 2018. Treatment groups included samples extracted fresh, without preservation; samples starved prior to extraction; and samples preserved for 1 month, 6 months, and 9 months. General microbiome composition was similar across all years. Sample groups belonging to specific years, or specific short-term treatments, showed unique associations with select bacterial taxa. Collection year was not a significant predictor of microbial richness, though unpreserved short-term treatments showed significantly higher richness than preserved treatments. While the year was a significant factor in microbiome composition, it did not explain much of the variation across samples. The location was a significant driver of community composition and explained more of the variability. Conclusions This study is the first to examine animal host-associated microbiome change across a period of nearly one century. Generally, geographic location was a greater factor in shaping gut microbiome composition, rather than a year collected. Consistent patterns across this temporal range indicate that historic specimens can answer many ecological questions surrounding the host-associated microbiome.

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“…The genus Oreohelix is the most diverse group of land snails in North America, encompassing 79 species [25,26], and contain the dominant malacological fauna of the Rocky Mountains [26,27]. Oreohelix snails serve important ecological roles as detritivores and herbivores, feeding on both decaying wood and herbaceous vegetation [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Chalifour

2021

anim microbiome

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Background The Rocky Mountainsnail (Oreohelix strigosa) is a terrestrial gastropod of ecological importance in the Rocky Mountains of western United States and Canada. Across the animal kingdom, including in gastropods, gut microbiomes have profound effects on the health of the host. Current knowledge regarding snail gut microbiomes, particularly throughout various life history stages, is limited. Understanding snail gut microbiome composition and dynamics can provide an initial step toward better conservation and management of this species. Results In this study, we employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine gut bacteria communities in wild-caught O. strigosa populations from the Front Range of Colorado. These included three treatment groups: (1) adult and (2) fetal snails, as well as (3) sub-populations of adult snails that were starved prior to ethanol fixation. Overall, O. strigosa harbors a high diversity of bacteria. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene on an Illumina MiSeq and obtained 2,714,330 total reads. We identified a total of 7056 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 36 phyla. The core gut microbiome of four unique OTUs accounts for roughly half of all sequencing reads returned and may aid the snails’ digestive processes. Significant differences in microbial composition, as well as richness, evenness, and Shannon Indices were found across the three treatment groups. Conclusions Comparisons of gut microbiomes in O. strigosa adult, fetal, and starved samples provide evidence that the host internal environments influence bacterial community compositions, and that bacteria may be transmitted vertically from parent to offspring. This work provides the first comprehensive report on the structure and membership of bacterial populations in the gastropod family Oreohelicidae and reveals similarities and differences across varying life history metrics. Strong differentiation between these life history metrics demonstrates the need for wider sampling for studies of dynamics of the snail gut microbiome.

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Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Land Snail Oreohelix idahoensis

Abstract: We announce the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Oreohelix idahoensis, a threatened land snail endemic to the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The circular genome is 14.2 kb and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora

The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora

Gut microbiome of century-old snail specimens stable across time in preservation

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

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