Mitochondrial Functionality in Inflammatory Pathology-Modulatory Role of Physical Activity

Casuso, Rafael A.; Huertas, Jesús R.

doi:10.3390/life11010061

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Contrary to traditional beliefs, exercise is not detrimental to immune competency but rather can act as an adjuvant to stimulate the immune system by inducing mitochondrial adaptations, cell generation and immune surveillance [73][74][75][76]. Physical fitness status can be a determining modifiable factor for the promotion of metabolic and functional adaptations in T lymphocytes and monocytes, counteracting inflammatory environments caused by expanded adipose tissue and sedentary behaviour, as well as delaying the immunosenescence caused by aging [77].…”

Section: Exercise Is Beneficial For Immunological Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Jimeno-Almazán

Pallarés

Buendía-Romero

et al. 2021

IJERPH

246

198

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is leading to unknown and unusual health conditions that are challenging to manage. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is one of those challenges, having become increasingly common as the pandemic evolves. The latest estimates suggest that 10 to 20% of the SARS-CoV-2 patients who undergo an acute symptomatic phase are experiencing effects of the disease beyond 12 weeks after diagnosis. Although research is beginning to examine this new condition, there are still serious concerns about the diagnostic identification, which limits the best therapeutic approach. Exercise programs and physical activity levels are well-known modulators of the clinical manifestations and prognosis in many chronic diseases. This narrative review summarizes the up-to-date evidence on post-COVID-19 syndrome to contribute to a better knowledge of the disease and explains how regular exercise may improve many of these symptoms and could reduce the long-term effects of COVID-19.

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Section: Exercise Is Beneficial For Immunological Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Jimeno-Almazán

Pallarés

Buendía-Romero

et al. 2021

IJERPH

246

198

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“…The ROS increase ultimately promotes local and systemic inflammation, as observed in obese individuals. 87 In mice, treadmill running has shown to decrease muscle ROS accumulation. 88 Twelve weeks of resistance training has shown to lower oxidative stress also within the muscles of elderly subjects.…”

Section: Can Physical Exercise Counteract Chronic Inflammation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise at the crossroad between muscle wasting and the immune system: implications for lung cancer cachexia

Cortiula

Hendriks

Worp

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Cachexia is a syndrome characterized by involuntary weight loss and wasting of skeletal muscle mass. It is associated with worse overall survival and quality of life. The cancer-induced systemic inflammation and the consequent host derived catabolic stimuli, trigger cachexia by inhibiting muscle protein synthesis and enhancing muscle catabolism. The muscle itself may further promote chronic inflammation, introducing a vicious catabolic circle. Nutritional support alone plays a limited role in the treatment of cancer cachexia and should be combined with other interventions. Physical exercise lowers systemic inflammation and promotes muscle anabolism. It also attenuates the age-related physical decline in elderly and it might counteract the muscle wasting induced by the cancer cachexia syndrome. This review describes how cancer-induced systemic inflammation promotes muscle wasting and whether physical exercise may represent a suitable treatment for cancer-induced cachexia, particularly in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We summarized pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating whether physical exercise would improve muscle performance and whether this improvement would translate in a clinically meaningful benefit for patients with cancer, in terms of survival and quality of life. Moreover, this review describes the results of studies investigating the interplay between physical exercise and the immune system, including the role of the intestinal microbiota.

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“…Improvement in mitochondrial function enhances immunity which prevents the spreading of viruses. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics and processes may be beneficial for treatments against COVID-19 and other viruses [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Modulations, Autophagy Pathways Shifts in Viral Infections: Consequences of COVID-19

Singh

Amar

Gehlot

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Mitochondria are vital intracellular organelles that play an important role in regulating various intracellular events such as metabolism, bioenergetics, cell death (apoptosis), and innate immune signaling. Mitochondrial fission, fusion, and membrane potential play a central role in maintaining mitochondrial dynamics and the overall shape of mitochondria. Viruses change the dynamics of the mitochondria by altering the mitochondrial processes/functions, such as autophagy, mitophagy, and enzymes involved in metabolism. In addition, viruses decrease the supply of energy to the mitochondria in the form of ATP, causing viruses to create cellular stress by generating ROS in mitochondria to instigate viral proliferation, a process which causes both intra- and extra-mitochondrial damage. SARS-COV2 propagates through altering or changing various pathways, such as autophagy, UPR stress, MPTP and NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, these pathways act as potential targets for viruses to facilitate their proliferation. Autophagy plays an essential role in SARS-COV2-mediated COVID-19 and modulates autophagy by using various drugs that act on potential targets of the virus to inhibit and treat viral infection. Modulated autophagy inhibits coronavirus replication; thus, it becomes a promising target for anti-coronaviral therapy. This review gives immense knowledge about the infections, mitochondrial modulations, and therapeutic targets of viruses.

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Mitochondrial Functionality in Inflammatory Pathology-Modulatory Role of Physical Activity

Cited by 15 publications

References 71 publications

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Physical exercise at the crossroad between muscle wasting and the immune system: implications for lung cancer cachexia

Mitochondrial Modulations, Autophagy Pathways Shifts in Viral Infections: Consequences of COVID-19

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