“…Mitochondrial DNA has been used in population studies due to its limited length, maternal transmission, and its elevated evolutive rate (Brown et al, 1979;Wilson et al, 1985) and particularly the mitochondrial control region (D-loop) has been found to be a good population marker (Bernardi, 2000). In the cyprinodontiforms, the study of mitochondrial DNA has shown an elevated genetic divergence among populations of A. iberus (Fernandez-Pedrosa et al, 1995), Cyprinodon macularius (Echelle et al, 2000), Fundulus paruipinnis (Bernardi & Talley, 2000) and several species of Aphanius (Hrbek & Meyer, 2003)-The integration of morphological and molecular data is an effective method for the comprehension of evolutionary models of a number of taxa (Baker et al, 1998) while the practice of combining independent data sets (e.g., molecular and morphological data sets) into a single phylogenetic analysis continues to be debated in literature (Farias et al, 2000). In the present study, the control region of mitochondrial DNA was analyzed for the first time in populations of the cyprinodontid A. fasciatus.…”