Mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal profile of the Kazakh population from East Kazakhstan

Tarlykov, Pavel; Zholdybayeva, Elena; Akilzhanova, Ainur; Nurkina, Zhannur; Sabitov, Zhaxylyk; Rakhypbekov, Tolebay; Ramanculov, Erlan

doi:10.3325/cmj.2013.54.17

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…S6). Although MJS genome has high heterozygosity, all of the methods employed hint higher Kazakh (including MJS) genetic affinity to East Asians (Mongolian) than Caucasians as previously reported (Tarlykov et al 2013).…”

Section: K=8supporting

confidence: 53%

Decoding a highly mixed Kazakh genome

et al. 2020

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We provide a Kazakh whole genome sequence (MJS) and analyses with the largest comparative Kazakh genomic data available to date. We found 102,240 novel SNVs and a high level of heterozygosity. ADMIXTURE analysis confirmed a significant proportion of variations in this individual coming from all continents except Africa and Oceania. A principal component analysis showed neighboring Kalmyk, Uzbek, and Kyrgyz populations to have the strongest resemblance to the MJS genome which reflects fairly recent Kazakh history. MJS's mitochondrial haplogroup, J1c2, probably represents an early European and Near Eastern influence to Central Asia. This was also supported by the heterozygous SNPs associated with European phenotypic features and strikingly similar Kazakh ancestral composition inferred by ADMIXTURE. Admixture (f3) analysis showed that MJS's genomic signature is best described as a cross between the Neolithic East Asian (Devil's Gate1) and the Bronze Age European (Halberstadt_LBA1) components rather than a contemporary admixture.

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Section: K=8supporting

confidence: 53%

Decoding a highly mixed Kazakh genome

et al. 2020

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“…Tarlykov et al investigated the hypervariable segment I of mitochondrial DNA and Y-STR loci in DNA samples of individuals living in isolation in the same area and who were members of the same tribe. However, there was no comparative analysis with other groups living in other regions of Kazakhstan or who were representatives of other tribes and Zhuzes [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allele Frequency and Genotype Distribution of 9 SNPs in the Kazakh Population

Romanova¹

2014

J Pharmacogenomics Pharmacoproteomics

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The CYP2C9 gene has high genetic polymorphism. The structural gene polymorphisms CYP2C9-R144C (CYP2C9*2) and I359L (CYP2C9*3) are the most well-studied. The allele CYP2C9*2 reduces the warfarin dose by 40% for heterozygotes and 68% by homozygotes, and the CYP2C9*3 allele by 40 and 85%, respectively. This polymorphic variant explained 14.5% of the interindividual variability in the dose of warfarin together with non-genetic predictors, such as age, body weight and height [2]. VKORC1 gene The VKORC1 gene on chromosome 16 is one of the major genes associated with effective doses of coumarin anticoagulants. Many mutations are associated with a deficiency in this enzyme. The allelic variant VKORC1 c.-1639G>A determines up to 30% of the variability in warfarin dosage [3-8].

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“…Recent studies based on Y-STR haplotypes have also demonstrated that the Kalmyks, Mongols, Altaian Kazakhs and Altaians-Kizhi showed a similar haplotype composition, resulting probably from common origin of populations. 6,62 Anthropologists have suggested that in the last 200-300 years, the Kalmyk tribes have experienced some admixture with neighboring East European populations. 63 However, comparison of haplotypes belonging to haplogroups R1a1a-M17 and N1c-Tat, which are frequently occurred in East European populations, shows a low level of East European admixture in the Kalmyks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome diversity in the Kalmyks at the ethnical and tribal levels

et al. 2013

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The Mongolic-speaking Kalmyks currently inhabiting the steppes of the Volga region have Central Asian ancestry and are organized into the tribal groups. The genetic relationships among these tribes and their origin have remained obscure. We analyzed 17 short tandem repeat and 44 binary polymorphisms of Y-chromosome in 426 individuals mainly from three major tribes of the Kalmyks (the Torguuds, Dörwöds and Khoshuuds). Among these tribes, the Dörwöds and Torguuds, as well as the Kalmyks collectively as an ethnic group, showed relatively close genetic affinities to each other and to the Mongols and Altaian Kazakhs, whereas the Khoshuuds were clearly separated from all of them, gathering with the Manchu, Tibetans or Evenks (depending on the algorithm used to calculate genetic distances). The genetic results also indicate that paternal gene flow from East Europeans to the Kalmyks is very little, despite their cohabitation in the North Caspian Steppe during the last 380 years. The occurrence of unique cluster of N1c-Tat haplotypes in the Khoshuuds, which dates to about 340 years and is likely to have East European ancestry, is considered as a result of interethnic contacts occurred soon after the appearance of the Kalmyk tribes in the Volga-Ural region.

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Mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal profile of the Kazakh population from East Kazakhstan

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Decoding a highly mixed Kazakh genome

Decoding a highly mixed Kazakh genome

Allele Frequency and Genotype Distribution of 9 SNPs in the Kazakh Population

Y-chromosome diversity in the Kalmyks at the ethnical and tribal levels

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