Mitochondrial anchors: Positioning mitochondria and more

Kraft, Lauren M.; Lackner, Laura L.

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.193

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Thus, mitochondria not only impact when and where the dynein anchor concentrates on the plasma membrane, but also have a yet to be determined role in dynein anchoring downstream of cluster formation. This adds yet another function to the mitochondria-PM contact sites that are generated and maintained by Num1, further highlighting that mitochondrial anchoring has functional consequences that extend beyond mitochondrial positioning to other critical cellular processes [30]. Going forward, it will be exciting to understand the full mechanistic contributions of mitochondria to dynein function, examine whether a role for mitochondria in dynein anchoring is conserved, and address the physiological significance of mitochondria-dependent dynein anchoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mitochondria in anchoring dynein to the cell cortex extends beyond clustering the anchor protein

et al. 2018

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Organelle distribution is regulated over the course of the cell cycle to ensure that each of the cells produced at the completion of division inherits a full complement of organelles. In yeast, the protein Num1 functions in the positioning and inheritance of two essential organelles, mitochondria and the nucleus. Specifically, Num1 anchors mitochondria as well as dynein to the cell cortex, and this anchoring activity is required for proper mitochondrial distribution and dynein-mediated nuclear inheritance. The assembly of Num1 into clusters at the plasma membrane is critical for both of its anchoring functions. We have previously shown that mitochondria drive the assembly of Num1 clusters and that these mitochondria-assembled Num1 clusters serve as cortical attachment sites for dynein. Here we further examine the role for mitochondria in dynein anchoring. Using a GFP-αGFP nanobody targeting system, we synthetically clustered Num1 on eisosomes to bypass the requirement for mitochondria in Num1 cluster formation. Utilizing this system, we found that mitochondria positively impact the ability of synthetically clustered Num1 to anchor dynein and support dynein function even when mitochondria are no longer required for cluster formation. Thus, the role of mitochondria in regulating dynein function extends beyond simply concentrating Num1; mitochondria likely promote an arrangement of Num1 within a cluster that is competent for dynein anchoring. This functional dependency between mitochondrial and nuclear positioning pathways likely serves as a mechanism to order and integrate major cellular organization systems over the course of the cell cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mitochondria in anchoring dynein to the cell cortex extends beyond clustering the anchor protein

et al. 2018

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“…Mitochondrial positioning is thought to occur through a two-step process that involves transport using molecular motors (Schwarz, 2013) and local immobilization. Immobilization can be achieved either by detaching from cytoskeletal tracks or stalling by molecular anchors present in both cytoplasm and on mitochondrial surfaces (Kraft and Lackner, 2018). Mitochondrial positioning can also be regulated in an activity dependent manner, both in cultured neurons and in vivo (Stephen et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated distribution of mitochondria in touch receptor neurons ofC. elegansinfluences touch response

Awasthi

Modi

Hegde

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Density of mitochondria and their localization at specific sub-cellular regions of the neurons is regulated by molecular motors, their adaptors and the cytoskeleton. However, the regulation of the mitochondrial density, the positioning of mitochondria along the neuronal process and the role of axonal mitochondria in neuronal function remain poorly understood. This study shows that the density of mitochondria in C. elegans touch receptor neuron processes remains constant through development. Simulations show that mitochondrial positioning along parts of the neuronal process that are devoid of synapses is regulated. Additionally, we also demonstrate that axonal mitochondria are necessary for maintaining touch responsiveness.

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“…As the number and diversity of newly discovered interorganelle contacts increase, it is clear that these contacts impact many aspects of cell biology ( Helle et al, 2013 ; Prinz, 2014 ; Eisenberg-Bord et al, 2016 ; Gatta and Levine, 2017 ; Kraft and Lackner, 2017 ). Many proteins and protein complexes that function to directly tether organelles have been identified ( Prinz, 2014 ; Eisenberg-Bord et al, 2016 ; Gatta and Levine, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%