Mitochondrial Activity as a Biomarker of Gamete and Embryo Health

Blerkom, Jonathan Van

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6651-2_22

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(147 reference statements)

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“…In addition, when we discuss the better survival rate it has to be noted that mitochondrial remodelling and their spatial distribution are also very important factors in early embryo development and viability (Motta et al 2000;Van Blerkom and Davis 2007;Van Blerkom 2009, 2013. In this regard, we examined the gene expression of key proteins that regulate mitochondrial remodelling, Mfn1 and Drp1, in control and fragmented embryos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…activity, is of the utmost importance for oocyte maturation (Van Blerkom and Davis 2007;Fullston et al 2011;Ge et al 2012), fertilisation, initiation, progression and viability of preimplantation embryos (Zeng et al 2007;Wakefield et al 2011;Van Blerkom 2013). Accordingly, the central importance of mitochondria in embryo development was highlighted by reports showing abnormal or arrested development after early embryo mitochondria were damaged by photosensitisation (Thouas et al 2004;Wakefield et al 2011) or exposure to metabolic inhibitors in experimental animals (Liu et al 2000;Fullston et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression patterns of mitochondrial OXPHOS components, mitofusin 1 and dynamin-related protein 1 are associated with human embryo fragmentation

Otašević

Šurlan²,

Vučetić

et al. 2016

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Developmental dysfunction in embryos, such as a lethal level of fragmentation, is assumed to be mitochondrial in origin. This study investigated the molecular basis of mitochondrial impairment in embryo fragmentation. Transcription patterns of factors that determine mitochondrial functionality: (i) components of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) - complex I, cytochrome b, complex IV and ATP synthase; (ii) mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); (iii) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and (iv) proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics, mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) and dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) were examined in six-cells Day 3 non-fragmented (control), low-fragmented (LF) and high-fragmented (HF) human embryos. Gene expression of mitochondria-encoded components of complex I and IV, cytochrome b and mtDNA were increased in HF embryos compared with control and LF embryos. In LF embryos, expression of these molecules was decreased compared with control and HF embryos. Both classes of fragmented embryos had decreased MMP compared with control. LF embryos had increased gene expression of Mfn1 accompanied by decreased expression of Drp1, while HF embryos had decreased Mfn1 expression but increased Drp1 expression. The study revealed that each improper transcriptional (in)activation of mitochondria-encoded components of the OXPHOS during early in vitro embryo development is associated with a decrease in MMP and with embryo fragmentation. The results also showed the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in fragmentation, at least in the extent of this process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%