Mitochondria-targeted fluorescent thermometer monitors intracellular temperature gradient

Arai, Soichi; Suzuki, Madoka; Park, Sung-Jin; Yoo, Jung Sun; Wang, Lu; Kang, Nae Gyu; Ha, Hyung Ho; Chang, Young‐Tae

doi:10.1039/c5cc01088h

Cited by 171 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…[105] With strong electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents,B OB exhibits substantial intramolecular charge transfer that is sensitive towards variations in the polarity. [105] In addition, probes for mitochondrial temperature [106] and fluoride ions [107] have also been reported. [105] In addition, probes for mitochondrial temperature [106] and fluoride ions [107] have also been reported.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to Mito-pH, BOB has two excitation peaks and two emission peaks,t hus allowing it to be monitored by dual excitation/emission fluorescence microscopy.Byutilizing this probe,t he researchers found that cancer cells display lower polarity than normal cells,t hereby providing ap otential approach for the differentiation of cell lines ( Figure 10). [105] In addition, probes for mitochondrial temperature [106] and fluoride ions [107] have also been reported.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

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Discerning the Chemistry in Individual Organelles with Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probes

et al. 2016

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Principle has it that even the most advanced super-resolution microscope would be futile in providing biological insight into subcellular matrices without well-designed fluorescent tags/probes. Developments in biology have increasingly been boosted by advances of chemistry, with one prominent example being small-molecule fluorescent probes that not only allow cellular-level imaging, but also subcellular imaging. A majority, if not all, of the chemical/biological events take place inside cellular organelles, and researchers have been shifting their attention towards these substructures with the help of fluorescence techniques. This Review summarizes the existing fluorescent probes that target chemical/biological events within a single organelle. More importantly, organelle-anchoring strategies are described and emphasized to inspire the design of new generations of fluorescent probes, before concluding with future prospects on the possible further development of chemical biology.

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Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

Discerning the Chemistry in Individual Organelles with Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probes

et al. 2016

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“…Although it has been customarily assumed that mitochondria operate at their cellular environment's temperature (i.e., 37 °C in human cells), recent experiments may suggest otherwise . The results of microscopic intracellular experiments using a small “fluorescent thermometer” molecule that targets mitochondria, Mito thermo yellow, can be interpreted to imply that the mitochondrion is “hotter” than its environment and may possibly reach temperatures as high as 50 °C in HEK293 (human embryonic kidney‐293) cells and primary skin fibroblasts due to the activity of the respiratory chain enzymes . This conclusion was drawn from experiments with specific inhibitors of the ETC complexes by which the mitochondrial temperature could be downregulated as a function of the extent of inhibition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Shock Proteins in the “Hot” Mitochondrion: Identity and Putative Roles

et al. 2019

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The mitochondrion is known as the “powerhouse” of eukaryotic cells since it is the main site of adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) production. Using a temperature‐sensitive fluorescent probe, it has recently been suggested that the stray free energy, not captured into ATP, is potentially sufficient to sustain mitochondrial temperatures higher than the cellular environment, possibly reaching up to 50 °C. By 50 °C, some DNA and mitochondrial proteins may reach their melting temperatures; how then do these biomolecules maintain their structure and function? Further, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates with temperature, implying higher oxidative stresses in the mitochondrion than generally appreciated. Herein, it is proposed that mitochondrial heat shock proteins (particularly Hsp70), in addition to their roles in protein transport and folding, protect mitochondrial proteins and DNA from thermal and ROS damage. Other thermoprotectant mechanisms are also discussed.

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“…Fortunately, newer mitochondrial superoxide probes, including MitoB [135,136] and MitoNeoD [137], have been developed to overcome these shortcomings. Another mitochondrial dye, which monitors temperature gradients (mito thermo yellow) has been used to suggest the provocative idea that mitochondria may be physiologically maintained around 50°C [138,139]. …”

Section: 3 Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for imaging mammalian mitochondrial morphology: A prospective on MitoGraph

Harwig

Viana

Egner

et al. 2018

Analytical Biochemistry

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Mitochondria are found in a variety of shapes, from small round punctate structures to a highly interconnected web. This morphological diversity is important for function, but complicates quantification. Consequently, early quantification efforts relied on various qualitative descriptors that understandably reduce the complexity of the network leading to challenges in consistency across the field. Recent application of state-of-the-art computational tools have resulted in more quantitative approaches. This prospective highlights the implementation of MitoGraph, an open-source image analysis platform for measuring mitochondrial morphology initially optimized for use with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here Mitograph was assessed on five different mammalian cells types, all of which were accurately segmented by MitoGraph analysis. MitoGraph also successfully differentiated between distinct mitochondrial morphologies that ranged from entirely fragmented to hyper-elongated. General recommendations are also provided for confocal imaging of labeled mitochondria (using mito-YFP, MitoTracker dyes and immunostaining parameters). Widespread adoption of MitoGraph will help achieve a long-sought goal of consistent and reproducible quantification of mitochondrial morphology.

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Mitochondria-targeted fluorescent thermometer monitors intracellular temperature gradient

Cited by 171 publications

References 27 publications

Discerning the Chemistry in Individual Organelles with Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probes

Discerning the Chemistry in Individual Organelles with Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probes

Heat Shock Proteins in the “Hot” Mitochondrion: Identity and Putative Roles

Methods for imaging mammalian mitochondrial morphology: A prospective on MitoGraph

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