Mitochondria-selective photodynamic tumor therapy using globular PEG nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, we report water-soluble globular poly(ethylene glycol) (gPEG) nanoparticles for targeting mitochondria and for improved photodynamic tumor therapy. Here, gPEG (prepared after all of the - carbon bonds in fullerene (as a hollow core structure) were chemically combined with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)) was chemically linked with chlorin e6 (Ce6, as a photosensitizing anticancer drug) and iodomethyltriphenylphosphonium (IMTP). In particular, IMTP acted as a mitochondria-targeting molecule, accelerating the localization of nanoparticles into the mitochondria of tumor cells. From an in vitro evaluation, these nanoparticles exhibited improved singlet oxygen generation and significantly increased photodynamic tumor ablation. We believe that this nanoparticle provides a promising pathway for photodynamic drug delivery.

Co-delivery of D-(KLAKLAK)2 Peptide and Chlorin e6 using a Liposomal Complex for Synergistic Cancer Therapy

“…For Ce6-complexed liposomes (Lipo (Ce6) or Lipo (Pep, Ce6), the blank liposome or peptide-complexed liposome was mixed with PEG-PLL(- g -Ce6) rapidly and vortexed immediately, followed by mild sonication. The amount of singlet oxygen generated by Lipo (Ce6) was measured using 9,10-dimethylanthracene as an extremely fast chemical trap for singlet oxygen [26,27]. The 9,10-dimethylanthracene (20 mmol) was added to each sample, followed by illumination of the solution at a light intensity of 5.2 mW/cm 2 using a 670 nm laser source for 100 s. After 1 h, the change in fluorescence intensity (measured using a Scinco FS-2 fluorescence spectrometer at an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and emission wavelengths of 380–550 nm) was plotted for each sample after subtracting its fluorescence intensity in the absence of light illumination.…”

A charge-reversible nanocarrier using PEG-PLL(-<em>g</em>-Ce6, DMA)-PLA for photodynamic therapy

“…24,25 Each sample at different pH was stabilized at room temperature for 4 h, and 9,10-dimethylanthracene (20 mmol) was then mixed and irradiated for 100 s at a light intensity of 5.2 mW/cm 2 using a 670-nm laser source. When the 9,10-dimethylanthracene FI reached a plateau (after 1 h), the change in FI (measured using a Scinco FS-2 fluorescence spectrometer at ex 360 nm and em 380-550 nm) in each sample was plotted by subtracting each sample FI from the full 9,10-dimethylanthracene FI.…”