Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission at a Large Public University

Abstract

In the Fall of 2020, many universities saw extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among their populations, threatening the health of students, faculty and staff, the viability of in-person instruction, and the health of surrounding communities.1, 2 Here we report that a multimodal “SHIELD: Target, Test, and Tell” program mitigated the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at a large public university, prevented community transmission, and allowed continuation of in-person classes amidst the pandemic. The program combines epidemiological modelling and surveillance (Target); fast and frequent testing using a novel and FDA Emergency Use Authorized low-cost and scalable saliva-based RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 that bypasses RNA extraction, called covidSHIELD (Test); and digital tools that communicate test results, notify of potential exposures, and promote compliance with public health mandates (Tell). These elements were combined with masks, social distancing, and robust education efforts. In Fall 2020, we performed more than 1,000,000 covidSHIELD tests while keeping classrooms, laboratories, and many other university activities open. Generally, our case positivity rates remained less than 0.5%, we prevented transmission from our students to our faculty and staff, and data indicate that we had no spread in our classrooms or research laboratories. During this fall semester, we had zero COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths amongst our university community. We also prevented transmission from our university community to the surrounding Champaign County community. Our experience demonstrates that multimodal transmission mitigation programs can enable university communities to achieve such outcomes until widespread vaccination against COVID-19 is achieved, and provides a roadmap for how future pandemics can be addressed.

Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections reveal limited infectious virus shedding and restricted tissue distribution

“…University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) enrollment site: All on-campus students and employees of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign were required to submit saliva for RTqPCR testing every 2-4 days as part of the SHIELD campus surveillance testing program 14 . Those testing positive were instructed to isolate and were eligible to enroll in this study for a period of 24 hours following receipt of their positive test result.…”

“…After collection, saliva samples were stored at room temperature and RTqPCR was run within 12 hours of initial collection. The protocol for the covidSHIELD direct saliva-to-RTqPCR assay used has been detailed previously 14,15 . In brief, saliva samples were heated at 95°C for 30 minutes, followed by the addition of 2X Tris/Borate/EDTA buffer (TBE) at a 1:1 ratio (final concentration 1X TBE) and Tween-20 to a final concentration of 0.5%.…”

SARS-CoV-2 Variant Tracking and Mitigation: Strategies and Results from In-Person Learning at a Midwestern University in the 2020/2021 School Year

“…1 Some institutions also instituted regular population-level surveillance testing to track and contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 on campuses. [2][3][4] The resources required to launch and maintain such surveillance programs are likely unrealistic for most organizations. 5 Nevertheless, the data generated from such approaches can provide valuable insight on strategies for mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2.…”

SARS-CoV-2 Variant Tracking and Mitigation During In-Person Learning at a Midwestern University in the 2020-2021 School Year

“…1 Some institutions also instituted regular population-level surveillance testing to track and contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 on campuses. 2 , 3 , 4 The resources required to launch and maintain such surveillance programs are likely unrealistic for most organizations. 5 Nevertheless, the data generated from such approaches can provide valuable insight on strategies for mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2.…”