Mitigation of In-Orchard Dust through Modified Harvester Operation

Ponpesh, Pimporn; Giles, D. K.; Downey, D.

doi:10.13031/2013.32587

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Ponpesh et al 9 tested the effects of decreasing harvester separation fan speed on relative PM emissions. The authors reported that decreasing harvester airflow by 18% resulted in a decrease in plume opacity and reduced inorchard TSP and PM 10 concentrations by 62 and 77%, respectively.…”

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors reported that decreasing harvester airflow by 18% resulted in a decrease in plume opacity and reduced inorchard TSP and PM 10 concentrations by 62 and 77%, respectively. The results of Ponpesh et al 9 indicate that decreasing separation fan speeds may result in decreased emissions from the harvester, but they do not quantify differences at the edge of the orchard, where ambient air quality standards are often applied by state air pollution regulatory agencies.…”

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mini-Vol gravimetric air samplers (Mini-Vol Portable Air Sampler, Airmetrics, Inc.) were placed in the middle of each replicate test block during all sweeping and windrow conditioning tests. The samplers, which have been described elsewhere, 9 operate at a flow rate of 5 L min Ϫ1 and use manufacturer-supplied heads with embedded filters for gravimetrically collecting TSP and PM 10 during field tests. Data from these measurements are presented as mass collected during the field tests.…”

Section: Sweeping Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The monitor and field staging of the device has been described elsewhere 4,9 ; a brief description follows. The device is a two-step direct transmissometer; visible light (650 nm) is transmitted across a measuring path to a reflector and back to a photodiode detector.…”

Section: Conditioning Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each subsample was placed in a sieve series and mechanically separated using conditions reported previously. 9 Retained materials on the separate sieves were collected and weighed to establish if differences existed from different fan speed settings (or sweeper type, as discussed earlier). The following size ranges were used: particle sizes greater than 18.850 mm represent nuts and twigs; particle sizes between 9.423 and 18.850 mm represent leaves, small nuts, and twigs; particle sizes between 5.6 and 9.423 mm represent leaves and grass; particle sizes between 2 and 5.6 mm represent grass; and particle sizes of 2 mm or less represent soil.…”

Section: Conditioning Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Particulate Matter Abatement Strategies for Almond Harvest

Faulkner

Downey

Giles

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Almond harvest accounts for substantial PM 10 (particulate matter [PM] Յ10 m in nominal aerodynamic diameter) emissions in California each harvest season. This paper evaluates the effects of using reduced-pass sweepers and lower harvester separation fan speeds (930 rpm) on lowering PM emissions from almond harvesting operations. In-canopy measurements of PM concentrations were collected along with PM concentration measurements at the orchard boundary; these were used in conjunction with on-site meteorological data and inverse dispersion modeling to back-calculate emission rates from the measured concentrations. The harvester discharge plume was measured as a function of visible plume opacity during conditioning operations. Reduced-pass sweeping showed the potential for reducing PM emissions, but results were confounded because of differences in orchard maturity and irrigation methods. Fuel consumption and sweeping time per unit area were reduced when comparing a reduced-pass sweeper to a conventional sweeper. Reducing the separation fan speed from 1080 to 930 rpm led to reductions in PM emissions. In general, foreign matter levels within harvested product were nominally affected by separation fan speed in the south (less mature) orchard; however, in samples conditioned using the lower fan speed from the north (more mature) orchard, these levels were unacceptable.

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Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sweeping Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conditioning Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conditioning Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Particulate Matter Abatement Strategies for Almond Harvest

Faulkner

Downey

Giles

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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PM emissions from open field crop management: Emission factors, assessment methods and mitigation measures – A review

Maffia

Dinuccio

Amon

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Environment

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Harvesting equipment to reduce particulate matter emissions from almond harvest

Faulkner

2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Almond harvest accounts for an estimated 12 Gg of PM 10 emissions in California each harvest season. Emissions from three new, "low-dust" almond harvesters (Exact Harvest Systems E4000; Flory Industries 8550; Weiss-McNair 9800 California Special) and one exhaust abatement device (Joe DiAnna, Clean Air Concept) were compared to those from a conventional harvester operating in the same orchard. Emissions of TSP and PM 10 trended lower for all new harvesters and were significantly lower for most harvesters (a < 0.10). Significant reductions in PM 2.5 emissions were observed from two harvesters as well. Fractionation analysis was not conducted on nut samples collected in the second year of the project, but differences observed in the composition of material that would be delivered to the huller between the Exact E4000 and conventional harvesters were functionally insignificant. The results of these tests imply that new harvest technologies are able to reduce PM 10 emissions from one of the largest sources in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California without affecting product quality. As such, use of these new harvesters should be considered a conservation measure that would help the SJV Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) meet the requirements of their PM 10 maintenance plan.Implications: The results of this research indicate that new harvesting technologies have the potential to substantially reduce PM emissions from almond harvest operations over traditional harvester designs without negatively affecting product quality. As such, use of these new harvesters could aid the SJVAPCD in maintaining its attainment status for PM 10 and should be considered as candidate conservation management practices for producers.

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Mitigation of In-Orchard Dust through Modified Harvester Operation

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Particulate Matter Abatement Strategies for Almond Harvest

Evaluation of Particulate Matter Abatement Strategies for Almond Harvest

PM emissions from open field crop management: Emission factors, assessment methods and mitigation measures – A review

Harvesting equipment to reduce particulate matter emissions from almond harvest

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