Mitigation of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from stored cattle slurry using acidifiers and chemical amendments

Kavanagh, Ian; Burchill, W.E.; Healy, Mark G.; Fenton, Owen; Król, Dominika; Lanigan, Gary

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117822

Cited by 68 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…However, concerns remain about the risks associated with H 2 SO 4 handling, requiring trained staff, due to its (i) corrosiveness, (ii) possible development of volatile sulphurcontaining compounds (H 2 S) and (iii) foam formation during the addition to the slurry, limiting its wider use [12]. As alternatives for slurry acidification, other acids were studied by Regueiro et al and Kavanagh et al [34,38], but none were so efficient and cost-effective as H 2 SO 4 . Furthermore, H 2 SO 4 supplies sulphur, an important plant macronutrient [34].…”

Section: Acidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Slurry Sanitization through pH Adjustment: Process Optimization and Impact on Slurry Characteristics

et al. 2021

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Sanitization by pH adjustment of dairy and pig slurries was evaluated for potential use as organic fertilizer in horticulture. This requires absence of Salmonella in 25 g of slurry and less than 1000 Escherichi coli colony-forming unit per gram of fresh slurry (Regulation (EU) 2019/1009). Additives used in the alkalinization and acidification treatments, included hydroxide-salts and nitrogen-based reactants to increase slurry pH to a basic range (9.0–11.0) and concentrated H2SO4 to decrease slurry pH to an acidic range (5.5–3.5). While low-cost urea was unable to increase the slurry pH above 9.5, ammonia efficiently increased slurry pH to the targeted values (but enhanced the emissions risk), whereas the effect of Ca(OH)2 was hindered by its low solubility. Slurry sanitization by alkalinization was achieved at a pH of 9.5 for both slurries, using similar quantities of KOH or NaOH. KOH was selected for further tests since it provides a plant macronutrient. Acidification with concentrated H2SO4 was able to achieve sanitization by lowering the pH to 5.0. After a 60-d storage experiment with raw and treated slurries, the level of E. coli was below the sanitization limit for all samples. Storage had no significant impact on slurry characteristics, except for ammonium-nitrogen content. Acidification treatment minimized ammonia losses.

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Section: Acidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Slurry Sanitization through pH Adjustment: Process Optimization and Impact on Slurry Characteristics

et al. 2021

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“…A reduction of pH of slurry has been shown to reduce ammonia gas emissions and also to inhibit bacterial processes involved in the release of greenhouse gases (GHG) (Sommer and Husted, 1995). Kavanagh et al (2019) evaluated the efficacy of common chemical byproduct amendments for acidification of stored slurry/manure for the purposes of reducing ammonia gas emissions. While lacto-gypsum was not evaluated in this previous study, the low pH may be conducive to achieve the desired reduction in slurry pH (<5.5) while not introducing contaminants such as heavy metals etc.…”

Section: Concentration Of Nutrients and Trace Elements Comparison With European Union (Eu) Regularitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Lacto-Gypsum as an Amendment to Build Soil Quality

et al. 2021

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Strategies for the use of amendments on agricultural soils are needed to help build resilience against potential soil threats. Gypsum is commonly applied to improve soil quality and nutrient supply. However, the sustainability and environmental safety of some gypsum sources is uncertain. This study aims to i. characterize a new by-product, lacto-gypsum, derived from a dairy whey side stream over a 1 year pilot production cycle and ii. assess the temporal variability of the raw form of lacto-gypsum and the stability of its physico-chemical and compositional properties when stored under three potential storage regimes. Results showed that lacto-gypsum compares favorably with conventional equivalents in terms of nutrient and trace element concentrations and represents an environmentally safe material free of contaminants. Storage form did not affect its main physico-chemical characteristics over time and the raw lacto-gypsum remained stable up to 20 days when stored at 4°C. In contrast to conventional gypsum, the lacto-gypsum had very low pH. In general this new lacto-gypsum shows potential as a suitable product for use as a soil amendment or as an acidification agent for animal slurry to reduce ammonia gas emissions during storage. However, further evaluation of this by-product in real life scenarios is required.

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“…For this reason, changes in ammonia concentrations and pH are substantial causes of ammonia gas emissions [8,9]. It has been reported that ammonia concentrations can be controlled by using oxidizing agents, such as iron chloride, sulfuric acid [35,36], or various chemical compounds [5] that reduce ammonia emission from livestock manure. Furthermore, the effects of SB and SC in manure were evaluated as they possess activities of pathogen inhibition by antimicrobial peptide production and pH reduction [21,37].…”

Section: Changes In Ph and Growth Of Hab In Manure By Yeast Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisitcs of Saccharomyces boulardii for reducing ammonia emission from livestock manure

et al. 2021

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Ammonia from livestock manure acts as a precursor to produce particulate matter (PM) by reacting with atmospheric chemical components volatilized from various sources. Ammonia itself acts as a toxic substance to human health, and thus has direct or indirect adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness and mechanism of action of Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) in reducing the ammonia emission from livestock manure. The specific ability of SB was confirmed through comparative verification with S. cerevisiae (SC) belonging to the same genus. SB and SC could use 50% of ammonia–nitrogen as inorganic nitrogen source in minimal medium. In the control group, the pH level of manure was significantly increased compared to the pH level at 0 h, and the DNA concentration of Proteus mirabilis, which increase the manure pH through ammonia production, was found to increase by 2.7-fold. Significant decrease in pH and proliferation of P. mirabilis was found in SB group compared to control (p < 0.05). The SB group also reduced the amount of ammonia emitted from manure by 25% for 35 days. These results suggested that SB contributed to reducing ammonia emission from manure by reducing pH and inhibiting HAB as well as removing ammonia–nitrogen. Accordingly, SB as a microbiological agent is expected to contribute not only to reduce ammonia emission but also to improve manure quality as a fertilizer.

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Mitigation of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from stored cattle slurry using acidifiers and chemical amendments

Cited by 68 publications

References 32 publications

Animal Slurry Sanitization through pH Adjustment: Process Optimization and Impact on Slurry Characteristics

Animal Slurry Sanitization through pH Adjustment: Process Optimization and Impact on Slurry Characteristics

Potential of Lacto-Gypsum as an Amendment to Build Soil Quality

Characterisitcs of Saccharomyces boulardii for reducing ammonia emission from livestock manure

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