Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on colorectal cancer screening: Organized service screening perspectives from the Asia-Pacific region

Abstract

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the Asia-Pacific region, and many countries in this region have launched population CRC service screening. In this study, CRC screening key indicators, including the FIT(fecal immunochemical test) screening rate (or participation rate) and the rate of undergoing colonoscopy after positive FIT in 2019 and 2020, were surveyed in individual countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The impact of the pandemic on the effectiveness of CRC screening was simulated given different screening rates and colonoscopy rates and assuming the pandemic would persist or remain poorly controlled for a long period of time, using the empirical data from the Taiwanese program and the CRC natural history model. During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the programs in this region were affected, but to different extents, which was largely influenced by the severity of the local pandemic. Most of the programs continued screening services in 2020, although a temporary pause occurred in some countries. The modeling study revealed that prolonged pauses of screening led to 6% lower effectiveness in reducing CRC mortality. Screening organizers should coordinate with health authorities to elaborate on addressing screening backlogs, setting priorities for screening, and applying modern technologies to overcome potential obstacles. Many novel approaches that were developed and applied during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as the risk-stratified approach that takes into account personal CRC risk and the local epidemic status, as well as new digital technologies, are expected to play important roles in CRC screening in the future.

Population-based Oral Cancer Service Screening Disrupted by COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational and Simulation Study

“…Based on the current scenario in our screening program, the reduction of 4∼5% in both advanced cancer and mortality would be expected. A recent modelling study also revealed a 6% lower effectiveness in reducing colorectal cancer mortality by prolonged pauses of colorectal cancer screening [16].…”

Reduced Cancer Screening Due to Lockdowns of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Reviewing Impacts and Ways to Counteract the Impacts

“…To counteract the impacts that reduced cancer screening and diagnosis may cause, the following could be implemented. First, while the central government publicly manage and fund population-based cancer screenings in many developed countries such as US, UK, Australia, and New Zealand (26)(27)(28), this may not be observed in many other countries, in which affordability for cancer screenings would diminish not only during the pandemic but also during the new normal due to reduced income among the population (28). Therefore, in such countries, the central government should not solely be the key cancer screening organizer but likewise play a central role in mobilizing resources necessary for effective planning and implementation of cancer screening programs (29).…”

Modelling optimal use of temporarily restricted colonoscopy capacity in a FIT-based CRC screening program: Application during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…We conducted three sensitivity analyses. First, in line with previous literature [23,24], we assumed a 10 percentage point lower participation to FIT screening during the second half of 2020 and the full year of 2021 for all strategies (i.e. in the Netherlands, overall FIT participation rate is ±73%, and now assumed to be 63%).…”