Mitigating pest and pathogen impacts using resistant trees: a framework and overview to inform development and deployment in Europe and North America

Woodcock, Paul; Cottrell, Joan; Buggs, Richard J. A.; Quine, Christopher P.

doi:10.1093/forestry/cpx031

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In plant nematology and in plant health in general, resistance is commonly defined as the ability of a host to suppress nematode development and reproduction, whereas tolerance describes the sensitivity of a host to parasitism or amount of damage sustained (Boerma and Hussey 1992;Woodcock et al 2018). Methodologies for the determination of susceptibility to PWD based on the observation of external symptoms in artificially inoculated plants do not permit the distinction of resistance from tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in susceptibility to pine wilt disease of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) half-sib families

Carrasquinho

Lisboa

Inácio

et al. 2018

Annals of Forest Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in susceptibility to pine wilt disease of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) half-sib families

Carrasquinho

Lisboa

Inácio

et al. 2018

Annals of Forest Science

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“…However, both the management horizons estimated by the model and inferred from the field are in the order of decades [30,47]. A broader interpretation of the stand management strategies with or without chemical control is that the approach could buy time to develop and assess new prevention and management tools to increase tanoak resilience to P. ramorum [24,30,39,63,64], including the deployment of resistant tanoak varieties [25,[65][66][67].…”

Section: Model Assumptions and Extensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Strategies for Conservation of Tanoak in California Forests Threatened by Sudden Oak Death: A Disease-Community Feedback Modelling Approach

Filipe

Cobb

Salmon

et al. 2019

Forests

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We use a new modelling approach to predict the cumulative impact of Phytophthora ramorum on the dynamic distribution of tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) and other tree species in coastal-Californian forest-communities. We explore the effectiveness of disease-management strategies for the conservation of tanoak at stand level. Forest resources are increasingly threatened by emerging pathogens such as P. ramorum, a generalist that kills hosts and has altered ecosystems in the USA and Europe. In coastal California, P. ramorum has the greatest impact on tanoak through leaf sporulation and lethal bole infections, but also sporulates on the common overstory-tree bay laurel (Umbellularia californica) without significant health impact. Such epidemiological differences impede host-species coexistence and challenge pathogen management. For most disease-impacted natural systems, however, empirical evidence is still insufficient to identify effective and affordable pathogen-control measures for retaining at-risk host populations. Yet, landscape-scale tree mortality requires swift actions to mitigate ecological impacts and loss of biodiversity. We apply a mathematical model of the feedback between disease and forest-community dynamics to assess the impacts of P. ramorum invasion on tanoak under stand-scale disease-management strategies by landowners aiming to retain tanoak and slow disease progression: (1) removal of inoculum through reduction of bay laurel abundance; (2) prevention of tanoak infection through chemical protection (acting epidemiologically like a vaccine); and (3) a combination strategy. The model results indicate that: (1) both bay laurel removal and tanoak protection are required to help maintain tanoak populations; (2) treatment effectiveness depends on forest composition and on threshold criteria; (3) sustainable tanoak conservation would require long-term follow-up of preventive treatments; (4) arresting basal sprouting upon tree removal may help to reduce inoculum. These findings suggest potential treatments for specific forest conditions that could be tested and implemented to reduce P. ramorum inoculum and disease and to conserve tanoak at stand level.

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“…This response framework, summarized in Figure 2, can be applied on an international level, and most elements can be scaled down to management of individual forests. The proposed framework aims to simplify and unify previous frameworks (Dodd et al, 2005;Keane et al, 2012;Dix et al, 2013;Jacobs et al, 2013;Nelson et al, 2014;Millar and Stephenson, 2015;Sniezko and Koch, 2017;Woodcock et al, 2017).…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For Management Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent reviews have described the promise of harnessing naturally occurring host resistance of affected tree populations (e.g., Telford et al, 2015) and the process of resistance development through selection and breeding (e.g., Sniezko and Koch, 2017). Others have described successful programs against non-native invasive forest PIPs (Sniezko, 2006), and outlined scientific and technological advances that make discovery and development of host resistance increasingly feasible (Boshier and Buggs, 2015;Woodcock et al, 2017). In this context, we seek to provide a more robust framework for early identification of candidate non-native PIPhost systems for resistance development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Development of Tree Resistance Against Forest Pathogen and Insect Invasions in Defense-Free Space

Showalter

Raffa

Sniezko³

et al. 2018

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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• Invasive pathogens that cause stem cankers and wilts of trees, and insects that bore into bark and wood have proven extremely destructive to the world's forests and particularly difficult to manage once established • Such pests are especially devastating when evolutionarily naïve host trees lack adequate natural defenses • Modern tree improvement programs are increasingly capable of restoring such defenses and providing trees for planting that are capable of withstanding alien insects and pathogens • Careful target selection, early implementation and sustained support of these programs are important for their success • We provide a simplified framework to guide responses to invasive insects and pathogens and rapidly identify promising pests to target for development of host resistance.

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Mitigating pest and pathogen impacts using resistant trees: a framework and overview to inform development and deployment in Europe and North America

Cited by 30 publications

References 73 publications

Genetic variation in susceptibility to pine wilt disease of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) half-sib families

Genetic variation in susceptibility to pine wilt disease of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) half-sib families

Management Strategies for Conservation of Tanoak in California Forests Threatened by Sudden Oak Death: A Disease-Community Feedback Modelling Approach

Strategic Development of Tree Resistance Against Forest Pathogen and Insect Invasions in Defense-Free Space

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