Mitigating Heat Stress By Dietary Manipulation of Dried Pulp of Tamarind (Tamarindus Indica L.) In Broilers Ration: Growth Dynamics, Lipids Profile, Redox Balance, Cellular And Humoral Immune Response

Abstract

A total of 700 day old broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were weighed and allocated to 28 floor pens (25 birds per pen). Five diets were prepared and allocated in a completely randomized design consisting of a control (basal diet) and four levels of dried Tamarind seeds pulp (DTSP) powder at the rate of 5 (DTSP-5), 7.5 (DTSP-7.5), 10 (DTSP-10) and 12.5 (DTSP-12.5) g/kg of feed for 35 days under heat stress condition. Body weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased significantly (P<0.05) in the DTSP fed broilers compared to the control. Blood concentration of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the DTSP-10 and DTSP-12.5 compared to the control. However, antibody titre against New Castle disease (ND) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in DTSP-7, DTSP-10 and DTSP-12.5 compared to the control. Blood cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly (P<0.05) lower in DTSP-7, DTSP-10 and DTSP4-12.5 compared to the control. However, blood HDL was significantly (P<005) higher in DTSP-10 and DTSP-12.5 compared to the control. Blood LDL was significantly (P<0.05) lower in DTSP-7, DTSP-10 and DTSP-12.5 compared to the control. Significantly (P<0.05) higher total leucocytes count (TLC) was found in DTSP-12.5, however, heterophils were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the same group. In contrast, lymphocytes increased significantly (P<0.05) in DTSP-7, DTSP-10 and DTSP-12.5 while monocytes was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the same group. In conclusion, DTSP-5 supplementation improved growth, however, redox balance, cholesterol profile and cellular and humoral immunity increased in DTSP-5, DTSP-7.5 and DTSP-12.5 in broilers exposed to heat stress.