Missing data in a multi-item instrument were best handled by multiple imputation at the item score level

Eekhout, Iris; Vet, Henrica C.W. de; Twisk, Jos W. R.; Brand, Jaap; Boer, Michiel R. de; Heymans, Martijn W.

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.09.009

Cited by 227 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Missing data were handled through multiple imputation in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 for participants who completed at least 80% of each measure (Eekhout et al, 2014). Missing data analyses in SPSS 21.0 indicated that 0.61% of data were missing at Week 1 and 0.33% of data were missing at Week 8 for a combined 0.56% of missingness across weeks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is rumination a risk and a protective factor?

Harding

Mezulis

2017

Eur. J. Psychol.

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High trait positive affect (PA) protects against depressive symptoms through cognitive responses such as rumination. However, how rumination in response to positive emotions (positive rumination) protects against depressive symptoms while rumination in response to negative emotions (brooding) predicts depressive symptoms is poorly understood. We hypothesized that (a) positive rumination and brooding represent a shared cognitive process of affect amplification on distinct affective content and (b) less brooding and greater positive rumination would distinctly mediate greater trait PA in predicting fewer depressive symptoms. Our prospective design among 321 adults first compared three confirmatory factor analysis models of the relationship between brooding and positive rumination. We then utilized structural equation modeling to examine whether brooding and positive rumination mediated the relationship between trait PA and depressive symptoms, controlling for baseline depressive symptoms, trait negative affect (NA), and the distinct effects of each mediator. Results supported a conceptualization of brooding and positive rumination as distinct but related constructs, represented as a common process of affect amplification to explain how rumination may amplify resilience or risk in predicting depressive symptoms (χ = 195.07, Δχ = 8.78, p < .001, CFI = .91, RMSEA = .07). Furthermore, positive rumination and brooding were distinctly predicted by trait PA, suggesting that trait PA exerts distinct effects on protective and risk forms of rumination. Less brooding mediated the relationship between greater trait PA and fewer depressive symptoms (β = -.04, p = .012), but positive rumination did not (β = .02, p = .517). Rumination may represent a protective and a risk factor, which may better enable individuals who brood to redirect their rumination on positive content and thereby reduce their risk of depressive symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is rumination a risk and a protective factor?

Harding

Mezulis

2017

Eur. J. Psychol.

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“…Multiple imputation (10 imputations) was performed on item level for missing culture items. 28 The imputation model included culture items, sex, discipline and age as predictors. As formal management items could not be answered by everyone, these were not imputed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of patient safety culture interventions on incident reporting in general practice: a cluster randomised trial

et al. 2015

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“…The median number of missing tests missing was 3 (IQR 1–8). We dealt with missing neuropsychological test data using multiple imputation of individual test scores with predictive mean matching due to non-normal distributions 20 21. We imputed data of 104 patients with age, sex, MMSE and all available neuropsychological test results as predictors for the multiple imputation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%