MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds

Carr, James R.; Wu, Deliang; Kelly, Michael; Gong, Jie

doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0080.v1

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…This paper draws on our previously published work in stereo winds [10,11] combining low-Earth orbiting (LEO) and GEO imagery and demonstrating stereo winds using the prior (GOES-NOP) generation of GOES satellites. Our methods, explained in Section 2, do not require that the satellite observations be synchronous with each other in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GEO–GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

Carr¹,

Daniels

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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Height assignment is an important problem for satellite measurements of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) that are interpreted as winds by forecast and assimilation systems. Stereo methods assign heights to AMVs from the parallax observed between observations from different vantage points in orbit while tracking cloud or moisture features. In this paper, we fully develop the stereo method to jointly retrieve wind vectors with their geometric heights from geostationary satellite pairs. Synchronization of observations between observing systems is not required. NASA and NOAA stereo-winds codes have implemented this method and we processed large datasets from GOES-16, -17, and Himawari-8. Our retrievals are validated against rawinsonde observations and demonstrate the potential to improve the forecast skill. Stereo winds also offer an important mitigation for the loop heat pipe anomaly on GOES-17 during times when warm focal plane temperatures cause infrared channels that are needed for operational height assignments to fail. We also examine several application areas, including deep convection in tropical cyclones, planetary boundary layer dynamics, and fire smoke plumes, where stereo methods provide insights into atmospheric processes. The stereo method is broadly applicable across the geostationary ring where systems offering similar image navigation and registration (INR) performance as GOES-R are deployed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GEO–GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

Carr¹,

Daniels

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

Self Cite

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“…The state that minimizes 2 is found iteratively by nonlinear optimization since 2 is mildly nonlinear in . The retrieval process just described was first used in our previous work with MISR-GOES [10] and then with MODIS-GOES stereo winds [11]. A full derivation of the least-squares solution is provided in the Appendix of the MISR-GOES paper.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method has been pioneered with MISR [29] and applied in our work in LEO-GEO stereo winds. We use a similar methodology [10] to identify the class of candidate ground-point retrievals by a combination of height above ground level and low speed. Statistics over this class are useful for characterizing retrieval errors even if the problem of tracking a cloud in motion may be different than tracking static terrain as noted by Lonitz and Horvath [30].…”

Section: Ground Point Retrievalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GEO-GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

Carr¹,

Wu²,

Daniels³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Height assignment is an important problem for satellite measurements of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) that are interpreted as winds by forecast and assimilation systems. Stereo methods assign heights to AMVs from the parallax observed between observations from different vantage points in orbit while tracking cloud or moisture features. In this paper, we fully develop the stereo method to jointly retrieve wind vectors with their geometric heights from geostationary satellite pairs. Synchronization of observations between observing systems is not required. NASA and NOAA stereo-winds codes have implemented this method and we have processed large datasets from GOES-16, -17, and Himawari-8. Our retrievals are validated against rawinsonde observations and demonstrate the potential to improve forecast skill. Stereo winds also offer an important mitigation for the loop heat pipe anomaly on GOES-17 during times when warm focal plane temperatures cause infra-red channels that are needed for operational height assignments to fail. We also examine several application areas, including deep convection in tropical cyclones, planetary boundary layer dynamics, and fire smoke plumes, where stereo methods provide insights into atmospheric processes. The stereo method is broadly applicable across the geostationary ring where systems offering similar Image Navigation and Registration (INR) performance as GOES-R are deployed.

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that stereo observations from satellite imagers on different geostationary (GEO) and low Earth orbit (LEO) platforms can produce 3D regional AMVs with an accurate height assignment [11][12][13][14][15]. Derived from tracking cloud and moisture features in motion, AMVs have proven to be very valuable for weather forecasts [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GEO-GEO Stereo Observation of Diurnal Cloud Variations over the Eastern Pacific

Wu,

Carr,

Friberg

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Fast atmospheric processes such as deep convection and severe storms are challenging to observe and understand without adequate spatiotemporal sampling. Geostationary (GEO) imaging has the advantage of tracking these fast processes continuously at a cadence of the 10 min global and 1 min mesoscale from thermal infrared (TIR) channels. More importantly, the newly-available GEO-GEO stereo observations from our 3D-Wind algorithm provide more accurate height assignment for atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) than those from conventional TIR methods. Unlike the radiometric methods, the stereo height is insensitive to radiometric TIR calibration of satellite sensors and can assign the feature height correctly under complex situation (e.g., multi-layer clouds and atmospheric inversion). This paper shows a case study from continuous GEO-GEO stereo observations over the Eastern Pacific during 1–5 February 2023, to highlight diurnal variations of clouds and dynamics in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), altocumulus/congestus, convective outflow and tropical tropopause layer (TTL). Because of their good vertical resolution, the stereo observations often show a wind shear in these cloud layers. As an example, the stereo winds reveal the classic Ekman spiral in marine PBL dynamics with a clockwise (counterclockwise) wind direction change with height in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere subtropics. Over the Southeastern Pacific, the stereo cloud observations show a clear diurnal variation in the closed-to-open cell transition in the PBL and evidence of precipitation at a lower level from broken stratocumulus clouds.

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MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

GEO–GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

GEO–GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

GEO-GEO Stereo-Tracking of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) from the Geostationary Ring

A GEO-GEO Stereo Observation of Diurnal Cloud Variations over the Eastern Pacific

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