Mismatch repair system in colorectal cancer. Frequency, cancer phenotype, and follow-up

Colorectal cancers (CRCs) with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) show molecular and clinicopathological characteristics that differ from those of proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stable CRCs. Despite the importance of MSI-H/dMMR status in clinical decision making, the testing rates for MSI and MMR in clinical practice remain low, even in high-risk populations. Additionally, the real-world prevalence of MSI-H/dMMR CRC may be lower than that reported in the literature. Insufficient MSI and MMR testing fails to identify patients with MSI-H/dMMR CRC, who could benefit from immunotherapy. In this article, we describe the current knowledge of the clinicopathological features, molecular landscape, and radiomic characteristics of MSI-H/dMMR CRCs. A better understanding of the importance of MMR/MSI status in the clinical characteristics and prognosis of CRC may help increase the rates of MMR/MSI testing and guide the development of more effective therapies based on the unique features of these tumors.

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Mismatch repair system in colorectal cancer. Frequency, cancer phenotype, and follow-up

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Expression of immune checkpoints PD-L1, CTLA4, LAG3 in the microenvironment of colon adenocarcinoma depending on MMR status

Expression of immune checkpoints PD-L1, CTLA4, LAG3 in the microenvironment of colon adenocarcinoma depending on MMR status

Clinicopathological characteristics of high microsatellite instability/mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer: A narrative review

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