Miscibility of polymethacrylate/poly(vinyl chloride) blends

Parmer, J. F.; Dickinson, L. Charles; Chien, James C. W.; Porter, Roger S.

doi:10.1021/ma00193a014

Cited by 89 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Miscibility in this system can be explained by interactions occurring between carbonyl group of PMMA and hydrogen atom from H-C-Cl group of PVC (hydrogen bond), or between carbon atom from carbonyl group of PMMA and chlorine atom from Cl-C-H group of PVC (dipole-dipole interaction) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: A N U S C R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface studies of UV-irradiated poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends

Kowalonek

2016

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Section: A N U S C R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface studies of UV-irradiated poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends

Kowalonek

2016

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Indium melting enthalpy was taken as a reference. A series of aging temperatures was used: 92, 87, 82, 77, and 72°C (6,11,16,21, and 26°C below the PH resin transition Polym. J., Vol.…”

Section: Relaxation Enthalpy and Miscibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 If the scale of the phase separation in the blend is sufficiently small to permit rapid diffusion of the proton spin energy, a single-component relaxation process is observed and eq 6 may be used to estimate the upper limit to the domain size (6) where 1 0 is the distance between protons, T 2 is the proton spin~spin relaxation time, t is the spin diffusion time constant set equal to the observed T 1 P (1H) value, and <L 2 ) is the mean square distance over which magnetization is transported. Our data do not provide direct measurements of the spin diffusion coefficients but allow the application of eq 6 to estimate the upper limit to heterogeneity in the blends.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Blending Method and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Tacticity in Its Miscibility with Poly(hydroxy ether of bisphenol A, phenoxy)

Alberdi

Espí

Fernández‐Berridi

et al. 1994

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Blends of poly(hydroxy ether of bisphenol-A) (phenoxy) and poly(methyl methacrylate) exhibit a different phase behaviour depending on the blending method. Additionally, both polymers present similar glass transition temperatures complicating the study of the phase behaviour by classical DSC methods. The problem has been resolved by using different experimental techniques (enthalpy relaxation, DMTA, CP-MAS NMR) which have confirmed the intrinsic miscibility of this blend. The influence of the poly(methyl methacrylate) tacticity in the miscibility of the blends has also been studied.KEY WORDS Miscibility/ Polymer Blends/ Thermal Properties/ Relaxation Enthalpy/ Tacticity / CP-MAS NMR / DMTA /DSC/ The formation of miscible blends of two high molecular weight polymers is not a common phenomenon. However, miscibility can be achieved if there are some specific intermolecular interactions between the two components, such as hydrogen-bonding, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, n-bonding, or charge transfer interactions.capable to self-associate by hydroxyl-hydroxyl interactions like simple alcohols or phenols. A second type of self-association results from the interaction between this hydroxyl group and the ether group attached to the aromatic ring. The other component of the blend, PMMA, The present study mainly concerns the miscibility behavior of phenoxy (PH) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and how this behavior depends on the blending method and the tacticity of PMMA. The phenoxy resin (PH), a polymer composed of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, has repeatedly been proved to be miscible with poly(ethylene oxide), 1 • 2 poly(vinyl methyl ether), 3 polyesters, 4 • 5 polysulphones, 6 polyamides, 7 etc. It contains a secondary hydroxyl group in the main chain * To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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“…CP/MAS NMR is ideally suited for the study of cured resin s y s t e r n~.~~-'~ Not only is CP/ MAS NMR capable of elucidating fine structural information from the solid state, but relaxation phenomena can also provide information about the polymer morphology and molecular chain dynamics. [18][19][20] Of particular importance for the study of …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of moisture content on the isocyanate/wood adhesive bondline by15N CP/MAS NMR

Wendler

Frazier

1996

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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SYNOPSISA 99% "N-labeled polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) resin was used to make a series of wood/15N-pMDI composites at various wood precure moisture contents. Cure chemistry and bondline morphology was monitored using 15N CP/MAS (15N crosspolarization, magic-angle spinning) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). Biuret-type structures were identified as the predominant chemical moieties when dry wood flakes were bonded together, while urea linkages were predominant a t higher precure moisture. Urea and urethane signal overlap make the unambiguous identification of urethane difficult. Relaxation studies using variable contact times were complicated by excessively long crosspolarization rates for nonprotonated nitrogens. Experiments using variable spin lock periods prior to a fixed contact time indicate that the cured resin in these composites is homogeneous. 0 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. INTRODUCTIONPolymeric methylenebis(phenylis0cyanate) (pMDI) is a wood adhesive which imparts excellent properties to wood-based structural composite panels.'& The specific adhesive mechanism by which isocyanate resins derive superior adhesive properties has been the subject of some debate.1-4,7,8 An examination of isocyanate chemistry reveals that multiple pathways exist for the formation of a wood/isocyanate adhesive bond (Scheme 1). The polyhydroxylic nature of wood provides ample opportunity for the formation of direct covalent linkages to wood. However, it also ensures the presence of adsorbed moisture at all times. This means that the isocyanate reaction with water to form polyureas and biuret-type structures is expected to compete with urethane formation. The extent and nature of the isocyanate/water reaction will affect the cure chemistry and, as a result, the adhesive mechanism of isocyanate-bonded wood composites. This study was undertaken to explore the influence of wood precure moisture content on ~~~ ~ * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Others have used FTIR and DSC to reveal the domination of polyurea formation when moisture is p r e~e n t .~.~.~ However, there remains a shortage of published information regarding the wood/isocyanate reaction under conditions more similar to industrial wood bonding operations (e.g., the production of oriented strand board).This article describes the use of 15N cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR as a technique for probing these complex composite systems. CP/MAS NMR is ideally suited for the study of cured resin s y s t e r n~.~~-'~ Not only is CP/ MAS NMR capable of elucidating fine structural information from the solid state, but relaxation phenomena can also provide information about the polymer morphology and molecular chain dynamics.18-20 Of particular importance for the study of wood/isocyanate bondline.Some potential reaction products in the pMDI-bonded wood composites is the emergence of 15N CP/MAS NMR for the analysis of isocyanatebased re~ins.~l-'~ I3C i s the most common nucleus used for CP/MAS study of polymeric solids. However, the 1...

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Miscibility of polymethacrylate/poly(vinyl chloride) blends

Cited by 89 publications

References 7 publications

Surface studies of UV-irradiated poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends

Surface studies of UV-irradiated poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends

Influence of the Blending Method and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Tacticity in Its Miscibility with Poly(hydroxy ether of bisphenol A, phenoxy)

Effect of moisture content on the isocyanate/wood adhesive bondline by15N CP/MAS NMR

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