Miscibility in binary blends of non-peripheral alkylphthalocyanines and their application for bulk-heterojunction solar cells

Abstract

The fabrication of small-molecule bulk-heterojunction solar cells utilizing a mixed donor material composed of two types of soluble phthalocyanine derivatives with different substituent length has been studied. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) and short-circuit current density (J sc ) of the solar cells fabricated using the mixed donor material with an optimized mixture ratio reached 3.8% and 9.2 mA/cm 2 , respectively, which were superior to those of organic solar cells utilizing each type of phthalocyanine derivative as a single donor material. The improvement of PCE and J sc has been discussed from the viewpoints of the miscibility and carrier transport properties of the mixed donor material.

Charge Mobility in Discotic Liquid Crystals

“…Nakawa and coworkers reported the study of the mesomorphic and mobility properties of a blend of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylphthalocyanine (C6PcH2) with its analogue 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexyltetrabenzotriazaporphyrin (C6TBTAPH2) [ 125 ]. The interest on DLC blends arises from the evidence that they can improve the properties of optoelectronic devices, such as for example OSC, in which the use of a blend of DLC’s as the active layer led to an improvement of efficiency and short circuit current by about 30% with respect to the cells prepared with a single DCL [ 217 ]. The effect is quite interesting, although its origin is still unclear.…”

Efficiency enhancement in solution processed small-molecule based organic solar cells utilizing various phthalocyanine–tetrabenzoporphyrin hybrid macrocycles

“…Recent research indicates that optical and electronic properties and structures of nonperipherally substituted octaalkyl phthalocyanine (CnPcH2) strongly depend on alkyl length and that the photovoltaic performance of BHJ OSCs utilizing CnPcH2 mixed in 1-(3methoxycarbonyl)propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C71 ([70]PCBM) could be optimized by controlling the alkyl length [16,17].…”

“…Although increasing recent interest has been focusing on the BHJ OSCs utilizing both phthalocyanine (PcH2) and tetrabenzoporphyrin (TBPH2) [13][14][15][16][17]21], the other macrocycles have been relatively little studied due to the synthetic challenge inherent in the selective incorporation of specified combinations of the aza and methine groups. In this study, we report the improvement of optical and electronic properties and photovoltaic performance of BHJ OSCs utilizing various phthalocyanine-tetrabenzoporphyrin hybrid macrocycles mixed in [70]PCBM.…”

Axially phenoxylated aluminum phthalocyanines and their application in organic photovoltaic cells

“…1,2 Pcs possess certain characteristics which enable their use within the pigment industry including high thermaland photo-stability, ease of synthesis through a one-step reaction (generally) and high molar extinction coefficients. More recently Pcs have demonstrated the ability to move electrical charge and be applied as organic semiconductors in a variety of organic electronic applications including organic photoreceptors, [3][4][5] organic photovoltaics (OPV) [6][7][8][9][10][11] and organic light emitting diodes (OLED). 12,13 Pcs have a tight connection to OPVs as one of the rst functioning OPVs reported in the literature used copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as an electrondonor material with a power conversion efficiency just under 1%.…”