“…In the United States, these medications include amphetamines and methylphenidate, both of which have a high potential for abuse that may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. However, these stimulants are often used by college students 1,2 and even medical students 3,4,5,6 for nonmedical purposes, such as to stay awake before taking an exam or for recreational use. This problem has been accompanied by numerous calls to action from those within the medical education community, 7,8,9,10 and there is general agreement that non-prescribed stimulant (NPS) use among medical students not only represents an ongoing crisis in students' academic integrity and general well-being, 7,11 but may also modify future physicians' beliefs and conduct as they relate to professionalism and substance use.…”