Mirror Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Lower-Limb Amputation

Casale, Roberto; Damiani, Carlo; Rosati, Venessa

doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e3181b74698

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The variety of treatment approaches and attitudes (outlined earlier) reflects the practitioners' professional experience and confidence, and supports the suggestion by Ramachandran and Altschuler [3] that different treatments may suit different patients. The low incidence of dizziness and nausea reported in the current study is in contrast to the high incidence reported in the study by Casale et al [16], a note evaluation with a high withdrawal rate from MVF treatment [16]. The researchers assumed a conflict of body schema (image of normal limb vs prosthesis) to be responsible for the high incidence of irritation in their patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Chan et al, 10 2007 Two brief grief reactions Grünert-Plüss et al, 7 2008 Pain increase possible Casale et al, 16 2009 Dizziness, irritation, uneasiness Kawashima and Mita, 11 2009 Client vomited after an increasing feeling of nausea during the first session Darnall and Li, 14 2012 Boredom, increased depression, increase in phantom limb awareness, and phantom limb pain predetermined level of group consensus [18,19]. A number of advantages contributed to the choice of the Delphi Method in this study: feeding back the experts' responses from previous rounds validates and enlarges the data, and rapid clarification can be obtained [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have never been compared and researched. Adverse effects are only rarely mentioned (Table 2) [7,10,11,[14][15][16] and are by no means thoroughly researched [4]. Only 1 article based on retrospective evaluation of patient records specifically discusses the frequent adverse effects of MVF experienced during treatment, which resulted in withdrawal from MVF [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mirror Visual Feedback for Phantom Pain: International Experience on Modalities and Adverse Effects Discussed by an Expert Panel: A Delphi Study

Hagenberg

Carpenter

2014

PM&R

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Background: Mirror visual feedback (mirror therapy) is practiced worldwide in very different ways to alleviate phantom pain; no study has compared these variations yet or researched the associated risk and harm. Objectives: To establish use and justification of a generally accepted mirror visual feedback treatment plan after amputation; to explore the occurrence and handling of adverse effects; and to increase knowledge about contributing factors. Methods: Experiential knowledge of 13 experienced practitioners from 6 countries and 5 professions was explored with a 3-round Delphi technique. Results: Experience with the use of 5 different treatment plans was described, of which 1 has never been mentioned in the literature: an intense 1-off plan in which the illusion was carefully set up before the patient was left to the experience with no interference, resolving pain as well as adverse effects. In the 4 known treatment plans, the expectations of response time varied, which influenced the definition of responders/nonresponders; the set-ups, control, and use of material reflected the professional background of the practitioners. Contraindications also were defined according to the professional confidence to deal with the adverse effects. Adverse effects were reported, including emotional reactions, pain increase, sensory changes, freezing of the phantom limb, dizziness, and sweating. The attitude toward, and the handling of, adverse effects varied in patients as in practitioners according to their professional background. A tool to fine tune the experience was reported with covering of the limb during therapy. Full consensus was reached on several treatment modalities. Conclusion: Analysis of the results suggests that the different treatment plans suit different patients and practitioners. Matching these could enhance effectiveness and compliance. Knowledge about adverse effects needs to inform treatment decisions. These findings triggered the development of a mirror visual feedback gateway to guide patients to the treatment plan for their needs, and to collect data from the practitioners to enhance neuroscientific understanding and inform practice.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mirror Visual Feedback for Phantom Pain: International Experience on Modalities and Adverse Effects Discussed by an Expert Panel: A Delphi Study

Hagenberg

Carpenter

2014

PM&R

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“…A small retrospective chart review from an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility was done. The majority of the patients reported some side effect to the therapy with over half of the patients reporting confusion and dizziness [21]. However, as this was a retrospective review and the subjects were in the acute rehabilitation phase, no conclusions about true side effects or absolute contraindications can be made.…”

Section: Mirror Therapymentioning

confidence: 96%

Advances in the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain

Hommer

McCallin

Goff

2014

Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep

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Phantom limb pain (PLP) continues to place a significant emotional and physical burden on amputees and remains a challenge for those treating amputees. Despite advances in psychological, pharmacologic, and interventional therapies, treatment modalities and research results show promise, but there is no evidence to highly recommend any particular treatment. This review concludes that the best treatment approach is a measured and diligent trial of multiple modes of treatment. As researchers forge forward toward definitively establishing etiologies, focused treatment options may become available. Until then, PLP is an area that calls for intense research and which will continue to challenge the clinician caring for the amputee population.

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“…'larının yapmış oldukları retrospektif çalışmada; 33 phantom ağrısı olan hastanın 29'unda endişe, konfüzyon veya baş dönmesi gibi nedenle ayna tedavisini bıraktığı bildirilmiştir. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda ayna tedavisinin yan etki profilinin belirlenmesi açısından daha sistematik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır (24,26).…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemunclassified

The efficacy of mirror therapy combined with conventional stroke rehabilitation program on motor and functional recovery

Kuzgun¹,

Özgen²,

Armağan³

et al. 2012

Türk Beyin Damar Hast Derg

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ÖZETAMAÇ: İnme sonrası üst ekstremitede görülen fonksiyonel yetersizliğin tedavisinde çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Son yıllarda inme rehabilitasyonunda uygulanan yeni bir tedavi yaklaşımı ayna tedavisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, subakut inmeli hastalarda klasik inme rehabilitasyon programı ile kombine uygulanan motor hayal eğitimi yoluyla gerçekleştirilen ayna tedavisinin üst extremite motor iyileşmesi ve fonksiyonel düzelme üzerine etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Bu çalışma prospektif, randomize, tek kör, kontrollü bir çalışmadır. Çalışmaya inme tanısı alan 20 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar rastgele olarak iki gruba ayrıldı; birinci gruba klasik rehabilitasyon programı, ikinci gruba ise klasik rehabilitasyon programıyla kombine edilen 15 dakikalık periyodlar halinde günde 4 kez paretik olmayan taraftaki üst extremite el bilek extansiyon hareketinden oluşan ayna tedavisi programı uygulandı. Her iki gruptaki hastalara klasik rehabilitasyon programı 4 hafta, haftada 5 gün, günde 1-2 saat olacak şekilde düzenlendi. Hastalar tedavi başlangıcında ve bitiminde (4.hafta) değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmede Brunnstrom Evrelemesi, Fugl Meyer Motor Fonksiyon Skalası (FM), el bilek ekstansiyonunun gonyometrik ölçümü ve Barthel İndeksi (Bİ) kullanıldı. BULGULAR: Tedavi öncesi ile sonrası karşılaştırıldığında her iki grupta Brunnstrom Evrelemesi (p<0,01), FM total skorda ve Bİ 'de (p<0,01) düzelme gözlenmekle birlikte II. grupta FM el bileği ve el bilek ekstansiyonunun gonyometrik ölçümünde anlamlı iyileşme saptandı. Tedavi sonrasında gruplar arasında değerlendirme parametreleri açısından istatistiksel olarak faklılık gözlenmedi. SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda, klasik rehabilitasyon programı ile kombine edilen ayna tedavisinin üst ekstremite motor ve fonksiyonel düzelme üzerine klasik rehabilitasyon programına üstünlüğü olmadığı görüldü. Anahtar Sözcükler: Ayna tedavisi, inme. THE EFFICACY OF MIRROR THERAPY COMBINED WITH CONVENTIONAL STROKE REHABILITATION PROGRAM ON MOTOR AND FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: A variety of methods is used in the treatment of upper extremity functional impairment after stroke.In recent years, a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of stroke rehabilitation is the mirror therapy.The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of mirror therapy,which is applied through motor imagination training, combined with conventional stroke rehabilitation program on upper extremity motor and functional recovery in patients with subacute stroke. MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a randomized,prospective,controlled single-blind trial.The study included 20 patients who were diagnosed with stroke.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:first group received conventional rehabilitation program and the second group received conventional rehabilitation program plus mirror therapy on nonparetic upper extremity consisting of wrist extension daily 4 times for 15minutes per session. Both groups received the conventional rehabilitation program for 4 weeks, 5 days a week and daily 1-2h. All pat...

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Mirror Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Lower-Limb Amputation

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

Mirror Visual Feedback for Phantom Pain: International Experience on Modalities and Adverse Effects Discussed by an Expert Panel: A Delphi Study

Mirror Visual Feedback for Phantom Pain: International Experience on Modalities and Adverse Effects Discussed by an Expert Panel: A Delphi Study

Advances in the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain

The efficacy of mirror therapy combined with conventional stroke rehabilitation program on motor and functional recovery

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