Mirror-Image Gene Transcription and Reverse Transcription

Wei, Min; Jiang, Wenjun; Liu, Xianyu; Wang, Jiaxing; Zhang, Baochang; Fan, Chuyao; Liu, Lei; Pena-Alcantara, Giramnah; Ling, Jun-Jie; Ji, Chen; Zhu, Ting

doi:10.1016/j.chempr.2019.01.001

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…After billions of years of evolution, there is a lack of competent polymerases to accurately recognize and readily amplify L -nucleic acids. The efforts are now delivered to engineer non-natural polymerases, either via the chemical syntheses of entirely modified D -polymerases [ 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 ] or through searching for the ancient polymerase, which can interact with both enantiomeric nucleic acids [ 146 ]. It is worth noting, some labs are also focused on developing artificial ribosomes, which contain mutated 23S ribosomal RNA [ 147 , 148 , 149 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Therapeutic L-Nucleosides and L-Nucleic Acids with Unusual Handedness

Dantsu

Zhang

2021

Genes

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Nucleic-acid-based small molecule and oligonucleotide therapies are attractive topics due to their potential for effective target of disease-related modules and specific control of disease gene expression. As the non-naturally occurring biomolecules, modified DNA/RNA nucleoside and oligonucleotide analogues composed of L-(deoxy)riboses, have been designed and applied as innovative therapeutics with superior plasma stability, weakened cytotoxicity, and inexistent immunogenicity. Although all the chiral centers in the backbone are mirror converted from the natural D-nucleic acids, L-nucleic acids are equipped with the same nucleobases (A, G, C and U or T), which are critical to maintain the programmability and form adaptable tertiary structures for target binding. The types of L-nucleic acid drugs are increasingly varied, from chemically modified nucleoside analogues that interact with pathogenic polymerases to nanoparticles containing hundreds of repeating L-nucleotides that circulate durably in vivo. This article mainly reviews three different aspects of L-nucleic acid therapies, including pharmacological L-nucleosides, Spiegelmers as specific target-binding aptamers, and L-nanostructures as effective drug-delivery devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Therapeutic L-Nucleosides and L-Nucleic Acids with Unusual Handedness

Dantsu

Zhang

2021

Genes

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Section: Aars-free Charging Of Mirror-image Trnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the realization of mirror-image genetic replication, transcription, and reverse transcription, 28,29 the next major step in establishing the mirror-image central ll dogma of molecular biology is to build a mirror-image ribosome translation machine. [28][29][30][31][32] However, the total chemical synthesis of the dozens of mirror-image aaRS proteins, which typically range from 300-1,000 aa in size, poses a significant challenge. We reasoned that a mirror-image version of the highly simplified aaRSfree translation apparatus capable of producing protein enzymes could circumvent the laborious synthesis of dozens of the mirror-image aaRS proteins, despite the challenges to chemically synthesize the mirror-image ribosomal proteins 32 and translation factors.…”

Section: Aars-free Charging Of Mirror-image Trnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating protein enzymes without aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

Chen

Zhu

2021

Chem

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“…Toward this goal, polymerase‐mediated synthesis of several modified ON has already been demonstrated, including several of the modifications discussed herein (Mei et al, 2021; Pinheiro et al, 2012; Taylor et al, 2015). Remarkably, several groups have reported the complete chemical synthesis of d ‐amino acid polymerases and successfully demonstrated PCR amplification and transcription of l ‐DNA and l ‐RNA, respectively (Jiang et al, 2017; Wang, Jiang, et al, 2019). It is also worth noting that enzymatic polymerization is orders of magnitude faster and more accurate than chemical synthesis and, importantly, does not impose length restrictions on the reaction components.…”

Section: Future Outlook and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of chemically modified nucleotides with DNA strand displacement reactions for applications in living systems

Kabza

Kundu

Zhong

et al. 2021

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Watson–Crick base pairing rules provide a powerful approach for engineering DNA‐based nanodevices with programmable and predictable behaviors. In particular, DNA strand displacement reactions have enabled the development of an impressive repertoire of molecular devices with complex functionalities. By relying on DNA to function, dynamic strand displacement devices represent powerful tools for the interrogation and manipulation of biological systems. Yet, implementation in living systems has been a slow process due to several persistent challenges, including nuclease degradation. To circumvent these issues, researchers are increasingly turning to chemically modified nucleotides as a means to increase device performance and reliability within harsh biological environments. In this review, we summarize recent progress toward the integration of chemically modified nucleotides with DNA strand displacement reactions, highlighting key successes in the development of robust systems and devices that operate in living cells and in vivo. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of commonly employed modifications as they pertain to DNA strand displacement, as well as considerations that must be taken into account when applying modified oligonucleotide to living cells. Finally, we explore how chemically modified nucleotides fit into the broader goal of bringing dynamic DNA nanotechnology into the cell, and the challenges that remain. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing

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Mirror-Image Gene Transcription and Reverse Transcription

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Advances in Therapeutic L-Nucleosides and L-Nucleic Acids with Unusual Handedness

Advances in Therapeutic L-Nucleosides and L-Nucleic Acids with Unusual Handedness

Translating protein enzymes without aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

Integration of chemically modified nucleotides with DNA strand displacement reactions for applications in living systems

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