MiRNAs in Lung Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential

Wani, Javaid Ahmad; Majid, Sabhiya; Imtiyaz, Zuha; Rehman, Muneeb U.; Alsaffar, Rana M.; Shah, Naveed Nazir; Alshehri, Sultan; Ghoneim, Mohammed M.; Imam, Syed Sarim

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12071610

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 324 publications

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“…miR-362-3p has also been significantly altered in the serum for lung cancer patients. Its levels are correlated with the tumour stage and might be associated with lung cancer development and metastasis ( Wani et al, 2022 ). These studies suggest that miR-362-3p has the potential to be utilised as a circulating biomarker for various cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating serum miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p as potential biomarkers for classification patients with adult-type diffuse glioma

Niemira,

Bielska,

Chwialkowska

et al. 2024

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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According to the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (CNS) published in 2021, grade 4 gliomas classification includes IDH-mutant astrocytomas and wild-type IDH glioblastomas. Unfortunately, despite precision oncology development, the prognosis for patients with grade 4 glioma remains poor, indicating an urgent need for better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Circulating miRNAs besides being important regulators of cancer development could serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers for patients with grade 4 glioma. Here, we propose a two-miRNA miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p screening signature for serum for non-invasive classification of identified glioma cases into the highest-grade 4 and lower-grade gliomas. A total of 102 samples were included in this study, comprising 78 grade 4 glioma cases and 24 grade 2–3 glioma subjects. Using the NanoString platform, seven miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed (DE), which was subsequently confirmed via RT-qPCR analysis. Next, numerous combinations of DE miRNAs were employed to develop classification models. The dual panel of miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p displayed the highest diagnostic value to differentiate grade 4 patients and lower grade cases with an AUC of 0.867. Additionally, this signature also had a high AUC = 0.854 in the verification cohorts by RT-qPCR and an AUC = 0.842 using external data from the GEO public database. The functional annotation analyses of predicted DE miRNA target genes showed their primary involvement in the STAT3 and HIF-1 signalling pathways and the signalling pathway of pluripotency of stem cells and glioblastoma-related pathways. For additional exploration of miRNA expression patterns correlated with glioma, we performed the Weighted Gene-Co Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). We showed that the modules most associated with glioma grade contained as many as six DE miRNAs. In conclusion, this study presents the first evidence of serum miRNA expression profiling in adult-type diffuse glioma using a classification based on the WHO 2021 guidelines. We expect that the discovered dual miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p signatures have the potential to be utilised for grading gliomas in clinical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating serum miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p as potential biomarkers for classification patients with adult-type diffuse glioma

Niemira,

Bielska,

Chwialkowska

et al. 2024

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…MiRNAs have been shown to exert complex effects on lung cancer development and progression, including regulation of cancer growth, angiogenesis and metastasis, domination of host immune responses and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment 53 – 56 . In recent years, miRNAs have been revealed as a valuable diagnostic biomarker of lung cancer and also a key factors for predicting the prognosis of disease 12 , 57 . In our study, we examined the potential for changes in miR-150 expression level in relation to the diagnostic practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…miRNAs are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation through translation repression or mRNA degradation, depending on miRNA-mRNA complementarity, while lncRNAs regulates gene expression through interaction domains for DNA, mRNA, miRNA and proteins, according to their sequence and secondary structure 11 . The tissue-specific expression pattern of miRNAs and lncRNAs is highly dysregulated during cancer development, therefore they are hopeful diagnostic, and therapeutic targets 12 – 14 . However, the exact function and mechanism of its action of most of them is still unexplained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panel of miR-150 and linc00673, regulators of CCR6/CCL20 may serve as non-invasive diagnostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer

Baran

Kordiak

Jabłoński

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The C–C motif ligand 20 (CCL20) is a chemokine that specifically binds to the chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and the CCL20/CCR6 axis has been implicated in the non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) development and progression. Its expression is regulated by mutual interactions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). This goals of presented study was to evaluate the expression level of CCR6/CCL20 mRNA in NSCLC tissue comparative to selected ncRNAs: miR-150, linc00673. The expression level of the studied ncRNAs was also assessed in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Thirty patients (n = 30) were enrolled as the study cohort. Total RNA was isolated from tumor tissue, adjacent macroscopically unchanged tissue and serum EVs. The expression level of studied genes and ncRNAs were estimated based on the qPCR method. Higher expression level of CCL20 mRNA but lower expression level of CCR6 mRNA were observed in tumor in comparison to control tissue. Relative to the smoking status, higher CCL20 (p < 0.05) and CCR6 mRNA (p > 0.05) expression levels were observed in current smokers than in never smokers. In serum EVs the expression level of miR-150 has a negative correlation with AJCC tumor staging, whereas the expression level of linc00673 positively correlated (p > 0.05). The lower expression level of miR-150 and higher expression level of linc00673 in serum EVs were observed in NSCLC patients with lymph nodes metastases (p > 0.05). Regarding the histopathological type, significantly lower expression level of miR-150 and higher expression level of linc00673 were observed in the serum EVs of patients with AC compared to patient with SCC. Our findings revealed that smoking significantly changed the expression level of CCL20 mRNA in NSCLC tissue. Changes in expression levels of miR-150 and linc00673 in the serum EVs of NSCLC patients in relation to presence of lymph node metastases and the stage of cancer development may serve as a non-invasive molecular biomarkers of tumor progression. Furthermore, expression levels of miR-150 and linc00673 may serve as non-intrusive diagnostic biomarkers differentiating adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinoma.

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“…The complete or partial pairing between miRNA and target mRNA, respectively, leads to the degradation or inhibition of protein translation genes. With this mechanism of action, miRNAs are involved in cell development, viral infection, immune response, angiogenesis, and the progression of many pathologies including breast, lung, colorectal, and prostate cancer [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking Precision Medicine: Liquid Biopsy Advancements in Renal Cancer Detection and Monitoring

Crocetto,

Falcone,

Mirto

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a formidable diagnostic challenge, especially in the context of small renal masses. The quest for non-invasive screening tools and biomarkers has steered research towards liquid biopsy, focusing on microRNAs (miRNAs), exosomes, and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). MiRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, exhibit notable dysregulation in RCC, offering promising avenues for diagnosis and prognosis. Studies underscore their potential across various biofluids, including plasma, serum, and urine, for RCC detection and subtype characterization. Encouraging miRNA signatures show correlations with overall survival, indicative of their future relevance in RCC management. Exosomes, with their diverse molecular cargo, including miRNAs, emerge as enticing biomarkers, while CTCs, emanating from primary tumors into the bloodstream, provide valuable insights into cancer progression. Despite these advancements, clinical translation necessitates further validation and standardization, encompassing larger-scale studies and robust evidence generation. Currently lacking approved diagnostic assays for renal cancer, the potential future applications of liquid biopsy in follow-up care, treatment selection, and outcome prediction in RCC patients are profound. This review aims to discuss and highlight recent advancements in liquid biopsy for RCC, exploring their strengths and weaknesses in the comprehensive management of this disease.

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MiRNAs in Lung Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential

Cited by 14 publications

References 324 publications

Circulating serum miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p as potential biomarkers for classification patients with adult-type diffuse glioma

Circulating serum miR-362-3p and miR-6721-5p as potential biomarkers for classification patients with adult-type diffuse glioma

Panel of miR-150 and linc00673, regulators of CCR6/CCL20 may serve as non-invasive diagnostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer

Unlocking Precision Medicine: Liquid Biopsy Advancements in Renal Cancer Detection and Monitoring

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