miRNAs Can Affect Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

The most obvious pathological characterization of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is intestinal epithelium erosion and severe inflammation invasion. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNA or microRNA), single-stranded noncoding RNAs of ~22 nucleotides, have been considered as the potential therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of IBD. Many previous studies have focused on the mechanisms that miRNAs use to regulate inflammation, immunity, and microorganisms in IBD. The review highlights in detail the findings of miRNAs in the intestinal epithelial barrier of IBD, and focuses on their gene targets, signaling pathways associated with IBD, and some potential therapies. It will be beneficial for the elucidation of the interaction between miRNAs and the intestinal epithelial barrier in IBD and provide a theoretical reference for preventing and treating IBD in the future.

Deficiency of miRNA-149-3p shaped gut microbiota and enhanced dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis

“…Increased levels of microRNAs such as miR-16, miR-21, and miR-223 have been measured in intestinal biopsies and feces of individuals with IBD. 7 As miRNAs regulate complex molecular networks and affect gene regulation on various levels, it is difficult to pinpoint their exact mechanism of action in a given pathology. For example, although miR-223 levels are increased in IBD, miR-223 agomir supplementation was associated with therapeutic activity.…”

MiR-106a-5p by Targeting MAP3K2 Promotes Repair of Oxidative Stress Damage to the Intestinal Barrier in Prelaying Ducks

“…MiRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that have been shown to be involved in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, according to numerous studies [28,29]. Importantly, miRNAs play a pivotal role in the repair of oxidative stress damage to the intestinal barrier [30][31][32]. In our study, miRNA sequencing analysis revealed 21 differentially expressed miRNAs in the intestines of cage-reared ducks compared to those in the traditional breeding group.…”

Berberine Depresses Inflammation and Adjusts Smooth Muscle to Ameliorate Ulcerative Colitis of Cats by Regulating Gut Microbiota

“…The functions of the intestinal flora include aiding in the digestion of food, breakdown and absorption of nutrients, secretion of appropriate amounts of antimicrobial peptides to defend against colonization by harmful bacteria, and maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier. The impact of the intestinal flora on the immune system are also important ( 36 , 37 ). Our studies used DSS to induce UC in model cats because it can successfully induce high rates of stable colitis-associated characteristics.…”