miRNAs as a Potential Biomarker in the COVID-19 Infection and Complications Course, Severity, and Outcome

Janković, Milena; Nikolić, Dejan; Novaković, Ivana; Petrović, Bojana; Lacković, Milan; Milićević, Milena Šantrić

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13061091

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Our results further highlight the importance of long non-coding RNAs [32] and microR-NAs [33] as emerging regulators in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with ARDS at baseline presented higher levels of CLRN1-AS1, a lncRNA that inactivates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway [34], and IRAIN, which enhances the formation of an intrachromosomal promoter loop of IGF1R [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Dynamics of Gene Expression Profiling and Identification of High-Risk Patients for Severe COVID-19

Rombauts,

Bódalo Torruella,

Abelenda-Alonso

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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The clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection vary widely, from asymptomatic infection to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. The host response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 plays a key role in determining the clinical outcome. We hypothesized that determining the dynamic whole blood transcriptomic profile of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients and characterizing the subgroup that develops severe disease and ARDS would broaden our understanding of the heterogeneity in clinical outcomes. We recruited 60 hospitalized patients with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, among whom 19 developed ARDS. Peripheral blood was collected using PAXGene RNA tubes within 24 h of admission and on day 7. There were 2572 differently expressed genes in patients with ARDS at baseline and 1149 at day 7. We found a dysregulated inflammatory response in COVID-19 ARDS patients, with an increased expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory molecules and neutrophil and macrophage activation at admission, in addition to an immune regulation loss. This led, in turn, to a higher expression of genes related to reactive oxygen species, protein polyubiquitination, and metalloproteinases in the latter stages. Some of the most significant differences in gene expression found between patients with and without ARDS corresponded to long non-coding RNA involved in epigenetic control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Dynamics of Gene Expression Profiling and Identification of High-Risk Patients for Severe COVID-19

Rombauts,

Bódalo Torruella,

Abelenda-Alonso

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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“…miRNAs play crucial roles in gene expression regulation. Several studies have explored the association between specific miRNAs and factors including prognosis, prediction of disease severity, and complications in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 [ 54 ]. Specific miRNAs have been found to correlate with the severity of lung injury and the development of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Biomarkers Associated with the Pulmonary Manifestation of Post-COVID-19 Complications

Siekacz

Kumor-Kisielewska

Miłkowska-Dymanowska

et al. 2023

JCM

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Introduction: The role of mitochondria in post coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) complications is unclear, especially in the long-term pulmonary complications. This study aims to investigate the association between post-COVID-19 pulmonary complications and mitochondrial regulatory proteins in the context of oxidative stress. Methodology: Patients who had recovered from COVID-19 were enrolled. According to the evidence of persistent interstitial lung lesions on computed tomography (CT), patients were divided into a long-term pulmonary complications group (P(+)) and a control group without long-term pulmonary complications (P(−)). We randomly selected 80 patients for investigation (40 subjects for each group). Biomarkers levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The serum concentrations of mitochondrial regulatory proteins were significantly higher in the P(+) group, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1): 1.62 [1.02–2.29] ng/mL vs. 1.34 [0.94–1.74] ng/mL (p = 0.046); Dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L): 1.6 [0.9–2.4] ng/mL IQR vs. 0.9 [0.5–1.6] ng/mL (p = 0.004); and Mitofusin-2 (MFN2): 0.3 [0.2–0.5] ng/mL vs. 0.2 [0.1–0.3] ng/mL IQR (p = 0.001). Patients from the P(+) group also had higher serum levels of chemokine ligand 18 (PARC, CCL18), IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokines than the P(−) group. The concentration of interferon alpha (IFN-α) was decreased in the P(+) group. Furthermore, we observed statistically significant correlations between the advanced glycation end product (sRAGE) and TNF-α (Pearson’s factor R = 0.637; p < 0.001) and between serum levels of DNM1L and IFN-α (Pearson’s factor R = 0.501; p = 0.002) in P(+) patients. Conclusions: Elevated concentrations of mitochondrial biomarkers in post-COVID-19 patients with long-term pulmonary complications indicate their possible role in the pathobiology of COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae. Oxidative stress is associated with the immune response and inflammation after COVID-19. TNF-α could be a promising biomarker for predicting pulmonary complications and may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in patients with post-COVID-19 complications.

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“…These reviews found elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers and cytokines, such as C reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and TNF-α in people with long-COVID [67,122]. Furthermore, in the context of epigenetic changes, miRNA regulation during different stages of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection demonstrated its potential to help in patient stratification allowing for the estimation of heightened risk of long-term health issues following the acute phase [123]. These miRNA profiles also hold promise for identifying informative biomarkers that can be targeted for preventive measures.…”

Section: Epigenetic Influence On Long-covidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Condition: Past, Present and Future Research Directions

Fernández-de-las-Peñas,

Raveendran,

Giordano

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The presence of symptoms after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (long-COVID) has become a worldwide healthcare emergency but remains underestimated and undertreated due to a lack of recognition of the condition and knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. In fact, the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms ranges from 50% during the first months after the infection up to 20% two-years after. This perspective review aimed to map the existing literature on post-COVID symptoms and to identify gaps in the literature to guide the global effort toward an improved understanding of long-COVID and suggest future research directions. There is a plethora of symptomatology that can be due to COVID-19; however, today, there is no clear classification and definition of this condition, termed long-COVID or post-COVID-19 condition. The heterogeneity in the symptomatology has led to the presence of groups/clusters of patients, which could exhibit different risk factors and different mechanisms. Viral persistence, long-lasting inflammation, immune dysregulation, autoimmune reactions, reactivation of latent infections, endothelial dysfunction and alteration in gut microbiota have been proposed as potential mechanisms explaining the complexity of long-COVID. In such an equation, viral biology (e.g., re-infections, SARS-CoV-2 variants), host biology (e.g., genetics, epigenetics) and external factors (e.g., vaccination) should be also considered. These various factors will be discussed in the current perspective review and future directions suggested.

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miRNAs as a Potential Biomarker in the COVID-19 Infection and Complications Course, Severity, and Outcome

Cited by 6 publications

References 125 publications

Dynamics of Gene Expression Profiling and Identification of High-Risk Patients for Severe COVID-19

Dynamics of Gene Expression Profiling and Identification of High-Risk Patients for Severe COVID-19

Oxidative Biomarkers Associated with the Pulmonary Manifestation of Post-COVID-19 Complications

Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Condition: Past, Present and Future Research Directions

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