miR-223: a key regulator of pulmonary inflammation

Abstract

Small noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), are vital for the regulation of diverse biological processes. miR-223, an evolutionarily conserved anti-inflammatory miRNA expressed in cells of the myeloid lineage, has been implicated in the regulation of monocyte–macrophage differentiation, proinflammatory responses, and the recruitment of neutrophils. The biological functions of this gene are regulated by its expression levels in cells or tissues. In this review, we first outline the regulatory role of miR-223 in granulocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, epithelial cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Then, we summarize the possible role of miR-223 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury (ALI), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other pulmonary inflammatory diseases to better understand the molecular regulatory networks in pulmonary inflammatory diseases.

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“…In some models, its upregulation enhances inflammation and promotes the differentiation of pro-inflammatory macrophages [ 27 ]. This dual role may depend on cellular context and specific molecular targets [ 28 ]. While miR-223-3p generally acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, it can also activate pro-inflammatory pathways like NFκB under certain conditions [ 29 , 30 ].…”