MiR-192-5p Alleviated Fibrosis and Inflammatory Responses of Tendon Cells by Targeting NFAT5

Abstract

Objective. To explore the effect of microRNA (miR)-192-5p on the inflammatory and fibrotic responses of tendon cells. Methods. Tendon cells were treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). The expression of miR-192-5p and nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) in tendon cells were detected by RT-qPCR. The expressions of inflammatory and fibrosis-related factors were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. MiR-192-5p binds to NFAT5 targeting by TargetScan and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of the NFAT5 gene was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Detection of apoptosis in tendon cells by flow cytometry. Results. MiR-192-5p was downregulated in tendon cells, and the expression level gradually decreased with the prolong of TGF-β1 treatment. The expression of NFAT5 increased with the treatment time of TGF-β1. The expression of miR-192-5p decreased collagen III (COLIII), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 1, and MMP-8 expression, thereby inhibiting TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in tendon cells. The expression of miR-192-5p decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β, thereby alleviating TGF-β1-induced inflammatory response and reduce apoptosis in tendon cells. NFAT5 is a direct target of miR-192-5p in tendon cells. The upregulation of NFAT5 reversed the effect of miR-192-5p on the fibrotic activity and inflammatory response of TGF-β1-stimulated tendon cells. Conclusions. MiR-192-5p alleviates fibrosis and inflammatory responses of tendon cells by targeting NFAT5.

Serum-Circulating microRNAs in Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis

“…From the target mRNAs literature data, which focalized on skeletal muscle metabolism and inflammatory pathways, we found PIM1 and ZEB2 for hsa-miR-192-5p, which are involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration, and LATS2 and VEGFA for hsa-miR-372-3p, which are involved in skeletal muscle growth and aging. We also included one predicted mRNA target (NFAT5) for has-mir-192-5p using recently available literature data not included in the last update of the software [ 26 ].…”

“…Moreover, hsa-miR-192-5p expression inhibits the NFAT5 regulation on fibrosis-related cytokines and inflammatory cytokine expression. At the same time, hsa-miR-192-5p reduces the TGF-β1-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in tendon cells [ 26 ]. ZEB2, a predicted target for hsa-miR-192-5p, is expressed in murine skeletal muscle tissue and has an important role in the skeletal muscle differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and in muscle tissue regeneration from adult myogenic progenitors [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Retracted: Mir‐192‐5p Alleviated Fibrosis and Inflammatory Responses of Tendon Cells by Targeting NFAT5

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process:…”

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Peer-review manipulation …”