MIPAS Observations of Ozone in the Middle Atmosphere

López‐Puertas, M.; García‐Comas, M.; Funke, B.; Gardini, A.; Stiller, G. P.; Clarmann, T. von; Glatthor, N.; Laeng, Alexandra; Kaufmann, Martín; Sofieva, Viktoria; Froidevaux, L.; Walker, Kaley A.; Shiotani, Masato

doi:10.5194/amt-2017-467

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…This day/night difference is of a different sign than in the previous version (see Fig. 13 in López-Puertas et al, 2018) but it is in agreement with both, SABER measurements and the WACCM predictions (see López-Puertas et al, 2017). Hence, the new O 3 dataset in this region seems to have improved and shows a more realistic diurnal variation in the mesosphere.…”

Section: Differences Between Current V8r_o3_m61 and Previous V5r_o3_m...supporting

confidence: 76%

MIPAS ozone retrieval version 8: middle atmosphere measurements

López‐Puertas

García‐Comas

Funke

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. We present a new version of O3 data retrieved from the three MIPAS observations modes of the middle atmosphere (MA, UA and NLC). The O3 profiles cover altitudes from 20 up to 100 km altitudes for daytime and up to 105 km at nighttime, for all latitudes, and the period 2005 until 2012. The data has been obtained with the IMK–IAA MIPAS level 2 data processor and are based on ESA version 8 re-calibrated radiance spectra with improved temporal stability. The processing included several improvements with respect to the previous version, such as the consistency of the microwindows and spectroscopic data with those used in the nominal mode V8 data, the O3 a priori profiles, and updates of the non-LTE parameters and of the nighttime atomic oxygen. Random errors are dominated by the measurement noise with 1σ values for single profiles for daytime of <5 % below ~60 km, 5–10 % between 60 and 70 km, 10–20 % at 70–90 km and about 30 % at 95 km. For nighttime, they are very similar below 70 km but smaller above (10–20 % at 75–95 km, 20–30 % at 95–100 km and larger than 30 % above 100 km). The systematic error is ~6 % below ~60 km (dominated by uncertainties in spectroscopic data), and 8–12 % above ~60 km, mainly caused by non-LTE uncertainties. The systematic errors in the 80–100 km range are significantly smaller than in the previous version. The major differences with respect to the previous version are: 1) The new retrievals provide O3 abundances in the 20–50 km altitude range larger by about 2–5 % (0.2–0.5 ppmv); 2) O3 abundances reduced by ~2–4 % between 50 and 60 km in the tropics and mid-latitudes; 3) reduced O3 abundances in the nighttime O3 minimum just below 80 km, leading to a more realistic diurnal variation; 4) larger daytime O3 concentrations in the secondary maximum at the tropical and mid-latitudes (~40 %, 0.2–0.3 ppmv); and 5) nighttime O3 abundances in the secondary maximum reduced by 10–30 %. The O3 profiles retrieved from the nominal mode (NOM) and the middle atmosphere modes are fully consistent in their common altitude range (20–70 km). Only at 60–70 km daytime O3 of NOM seems to be larger than that of MA/UA by 2–10 %. Compared to other satellite instruments, MIPAS seems to have a positive bias of 5–8 % below 70 km. Noticeably, the new version of MIPAS agrees much better than before with all instruments in the upper mesosphere/lower thermosphere, reducing the differences from ~ ±20 % to ~ ±10 %. Further, the diurnal variation of O3 in the upper mesosphere (near 80 km) has been significantly improved.

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Section: Differences Between Current V8r_o3_m61 and Previous V5r_o3_m...supporting

confidence: 76%

MIPAS ozone retrieval version 8: middle atmosphere measurements

López‐Puertas

García‐Comas

Funke

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The version 8 temperature retrieval is documented in Kiefer et al (2021) for NOM measurements and in García-Comas et al (2023) for MA, UA, and NLC measurements. The new ozone data product is described in Kiefer et al (2023) for NOM measurements and in López-Puertas et al (2023) for MA, UA, and NLC measurements. The documentation of other version 8 data products is underway.…”

Section: Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous retrieval versions, region 1 extended from 100 to 200 km, and the Nitric Oxide Empirical Model (NOEM) (Marsh et al, 2004) was used instead of the MIPAS-based empirical model. Since NOEM is based on daytime measurements from the Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) instrument taken during 1998-2003, nighttime NO concentrations are not well described.…”

Section: No a Priori Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There, the NO distributions above 100 km were constrained with NOEM fields. NOEM parameterizes the spatial structure of auroral NO by means of one out of a set of empirical orthogonal eigenfunctions multiplied by a time-varying coefficient which is proportional to the geomagnetic k p index (Marsh et al, 2004). The NOEM fields were provided in terms of relative anomalies with respect to the profile at the center-of-scan position.…”

Section: Horizontal Inhomogeneity Of No and Temperature Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research/Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía version 8 retrieval of nitric oxide and lower-thermospheric temperature

et al. 2023

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Abstract. New global nitric oxide (NO) volume mixing ratio and lower-thermospheric temperature data products, retrieved from Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) spectra with the Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research and Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IMK-IAA) MIPAS data processor, have been released. The dataset covers the entire Envisat mission lifetime and includes retrieval results from all MIPAS observation modes. The data are based on European Space Agency (ESA) version 8 calibration and were processed using an improved retrieval approach compared to previous versions, specifically regarding the choice and construction of the a priori and atmospheric parameter profiles, the treatment of horizontal inhomogeneities, the treatment of the radiance offset correction, and the selection of optimized numerical settings. NO retrieval errors in individual observations are dominated by measurement noise and range from 5 % to 50 % in the stratosphere and thermosphere and reach 40 % to 90 % in the mesosphere. Systematic errors are typically within 10 %–30 %. Lower-thermospheric temperature errors are 5 to 50 K with a systematic component of around 20 K, the latter being dominated by non-thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE)-related uncertainties. NO data from different observation modes are consistent within 5 %–10 %. MIPAS version 8 temperatures have a better representation of the diurnal tide in the lower thermosphere compared to previous data versions. The new MIPAS temperatures are systematically warmer than results from the empirical US Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter Radar (NRLMSIS) version 2.0 model by 30 to 80 K in the 100–120 km region and are colder above.

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Spatial and Temporal Structure of the Tertiary Ozone Maximum in the Polar Winter Mesosphere

et al. 2018

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Observations from satellites and a ground‐based station are combined to construct a global data set for investigating the tertiary ozone maximum in the winter mesosphere for the period August 2004 to June 2017. These give a comprehensive picture of this ozone maximum in latitude, pressure, and time. The location of the tertiary ozone maximum shifts in latitude and pressure with the evolving season; the ozone peak occurs at lower latitude and higher pressure around the winter solstice. Highest average nighttime ozone concentrations and greatest degree of interannual variability are seen in late winter in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The hemispheric differences and interannual variability in nighttime ozone are related to variations of temperature, H2O, and OH associated with dynamical activity. Elevated stratopause events in the NH winter are associated with transport of air that is depleted in H2O and enhanced in OH; photochemistry then leads to downward displacement of the altitude of maximum ozone and enhancement in the ozone amount. Transport by planetary waves in the NH extends the region of high ozone further from the pole and leads to longitudinal variations. The analysis shows that while the tertiary ozone maximum responds to a particular radiative situation as shown in previous studies, it is also the result of very dry air found in the winter polar mesosphere.

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MIPAS Observations of Ozone in the Middle Atmosphere

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

MIPAS ozone retrieval version 8: middle atmosphere measurements

MIPAS ozone retrieval version 8: middle atmosphere measurements

Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research/Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía version 8 retrieval of nitric oxide and lower-thermospheric temperature

Spatial and Temporal Structure of the Tertiary Ozone Maximum in the Polar Winter Mesosphere

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