Minority Proximity to Whites in Suburbs: An Individual-Level Analysis of Segregation

Alba, Richard; Logan, John

doi:10.1086/230193

Cited by 453 publications

(387 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In doing so, we find that the neighborhood is an independent dimension of stratification, in that the residential patterning of American neighborhoods is not explained by other dimensions of stratification, such as income, occupation, or education. An extensive literature demonstrates that after accounting for differences in socioeconomic status and wealth, black Americans live in neighborhoods that are less affluent and more segregated than those occupied by whites of similar status (Alba and Logan 1993;Alba, Logan, and Stults 2000;Crowder, South, and Chavez 2006). This observation is reflective of a consistent set of findings pointing to a racial and ethnic hierarchy in American neighborhoods, where whites live in the most advantaged neighborhoods even after accounting for socioeconomic status, followed by different groups of Asian Americans and Latinos and finally black Americans (Alba et al 2000;Logan et al 1996).…”

Section: The Neighborhood As a Dimension Of Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the recent literature on economic mobility approaches the question inductively by incorporating covariates into models of intergenerational mobility and examining how much of the persistence of economic or social status is explained by their inclusion (Blau and Duncan 1967;Bowles and Gintis 2002;Hertz 2005;Osborne Groves 2005). Building on this research tradition, a series of articles have attempted to describe the process of "locational attainment" by examining the relationship between individual socioeconomic status and neighborhood economic status or racial composition (Alba and Logan 1993;Logan et al 1996). This approach essentially asks whether the same individual-and family-level factors that are commonly thought to predict individual economic outcomes can also explain variation in the quality of families' neighborhood environments.…”

Section: The Mechanisms Underlying Intergenerational Contextual Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

Sharkey

2008

American Journal of Sociology

298

303

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This article draws on the extensive literature on economic and social mobility in America to examine intergenerational contextual mobility, defined as the degree to which inequalities in neighborhood environments persist across generations. PSID data are analyzed to reveal remarkable continuity in neighborhood economic status from one generation to the next. The primary consequence of persistent neighborhood stratification is that the racial inequality in America's neighborhoods that existed a generation ago has been transmitted, for the most part unchanged, to the current generation. More than 70% of black children who grow up in the poorest quarter of American neighborhoods remain in the poorest quarter of neighborhoods as adults, compared to 40% of whites. The results suggest that racial inequality in neighborhood economic status is substantially underestimated with short-term measures of neighborhood income or poverty and, second, that the steps taken to end racial discrimination in the housing and lending markets have not enabled black Americans to advance out of America's poorest neighborhoods.A long and rich tradition of research in the social sciences is devoted to describing and explaining patterns of social and economic mobility in 1 I thank Robert Sampson, William Julius Wilson, and Chris Winship for their critical input on this project. I am also grateful for feedback from audiences at several universities at which I presented the paper. I received particularly detailed and valuable comments from Xavier de

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Section: The Neighborhood As a Dimension Of Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mechanisms Underlying Intergenerational Contextual Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

Sharkey

2008

American Journal of Sociology

298

303

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“…Under this assumption, living in a neighborhood with a high percentage of Whites has been viewed as a measure of economic success. There has been some empirical support for this view, especially in studies based on the 1980 or 1990 censuses (Alba and Logan, 1993;Alba et al, 2000). However, Wright and Ellis (2000) and Hou (2007) have cautioned against using percentage White in this way, and this present study also questions the assumption that neighborhoods containing higher White percentages are necessarily superior.…”

Section: Association Between Residential Concentration and Low Levelsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Ethnic Residential Concentrations with Above-Average Incomes

Allen

Turner

2009

Urban Geography

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Are residents of ethnic concentrations necessarily poor? We tested this notion with Census 2000 data for Asian and Latino households in the New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco CMSAs. Ethnic concentrations included all census tracts in which the group comprised over 40% of the population. While many residential concentrations had low incomes, 11% of concentrated Latinos and 57% of concentrated Asians had incomes above their metropolitan medians for all households. Moreover, 18% of concentrated Asians lived in tracts with incomes at least 50% higher than the metropolitan medians. Higher-income residents within concentrations were more likely to be U.S.-born and proficient in English. Thus scholars need to revise the widespread view that people living in ethnic concentrations are poor. Many Asians and Latinos who can afford homes in mostly White neighborhoods prefer to live where both Whites and their group are well represented.

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“…Studies using individual-level data to focusing on spatial assimilation and spatial attainment first appeared in the 1980s (e.g., Massey and Mullan 1984;Massey and Denton 1985) and then with increasing frequency in the 1990s and beyond (e.g., Alba and Logan 1993;Alba et al 1999;Bayer et al 2004;Crowder and South 2005;Crowder et al 2006;Logan et al 1996;Crowder 1997, 1998;South et al 2005a, b;South et al 2008). But, as valuable as this literature has been, it has remained fundamentally disconnected from the literature investigating segregation at the aggregate level.…”

Section: Unifying Aggregate Segregation Studies and Studies Of Indivimentioning

confidence: 99%

Unifying Micro-level and Macro-level Analyses of Segregation

Fossett

2017

New Methods for Measuring and Analyzing Segregation

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Casting segregation indices in the difference of means framework provides a valuable option previously not available to researchers. It enables them to seamlessly connect macro-level segregation -as measured by the index score for a city -to micro-level processes of residential attainment. At the simplest level the value of any index placed in the difference of means framework can be obtained by performing an individual-level attainment analysis that predicts index-relevant residential outcomes (y, scored from area group proportion p) for individuals with a dummy variable (0,1) for racial group membership. The regression coefficient for race will exactly equal the index score obtained by standard computing formulas. This introduces a new interpretation of segregation index scores; their values reflect the effect of race on the attainment of residential outcomes that determine the segregation index score for the city.Establishing the equivalence of between macro-level measures of segregation and the effect of race on residential attainments in a bivariate individual-level regression model paves the way for at least three important new options for segregation analysis. The first is to give researchers the ability to extend and elaborate bivariate models to investigate segregation in more detail using multivariate analyses. These models make it possible for researchers to address fundamental questions that previously could not be directly investigated. For example, researchers can assess whether or not the impact of race on segregation-determining residential outcomes seen in the bivariate analysis continues to persist when controls are introduced for other relevant individual-and household-level social characteristics (e.g., age, education, income, marital status, household composition, nativity, etc.) that may exert independent influence on residential outcomes.A second new option for segregation analysis is to give researchers the opportunity to quantitatively dissect the underpinnings of segregation in more detail than has previously been possible. Specifically, researchers can use familiar tools of standardization and decomposition analysis to assess how the index score for a city is

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Minority Proximity to Whites in Suburbs: An Individual-Level Analysis of Segregation

Cited by 453 publications

References 24 publications

The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

Ethnic Residential Concentrations with Above-Average Incomes

Unifying Micro-level and Macro-level Analyses of Segregation

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