Minorities and AIDS: knowledge, attitudes, and misconceptions among black and Latino adolescents.

DiClemente, Ralph J.; Boyer, Cherrie B.; Morales, Eduardo Sánchez

doi:10.2105/ajph.78.1.55

Cited by 254 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A parallel to differences in AIDS rates between racial/ethnic groups are differences by race/ethnicity in HIV/AIDS risk-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, skills, and behaviors of adolescents (DiClemente et al 1988;Smith & Udry 1985;Benson et al 1986;Brunswick et al 1985;Miller et al 1990). Research indicates that subgroups of minority adolescents whose social environment may put them at higher risk for infection are less well-informed than white teenagers.…”

Section: Racial~ethnic Differences In Knowledge About Aids Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the association of race and ethnicity with the HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, behaviors and skills of high school students

Langer

Zimmerman

McNeal

1992

Popul Res Policy Rev

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This study deals with intervening factors such as family composition, religiosity, and I/IV/AIDS knowledge in understanding the association of race and ethnicity with HIV/A1DS-related attitudes and behaviors. Data represent Wave 1 of a five-month panel design involving 10th grade students in eight public high schools in Dade County (greater Miami) Florida. Significant differences in attitudes and behaviors were found among racial/ethnic groups. Specifically, Hispanics had more negative attitudes about condom use than blacks or whites. Whites had the most permissive, and blacks the least permissive, sexual attitudes. Hispanics felt least confident and blacks felt most confident about interpersonal sexual skills. Blacks were most likely to have had sexual intercourse, and whites least likely. Religiosity was found to be a significant intervening variable in the less permissive sexual attitudes of both blacks and Hispanics. The most significant implication of this study is that racial/ethnic differences in sexual behavior can be explained more fully by socio-environmental factors such as family structure or religiosity than by knowledge or attitudes. Thus, interventions directed toward minority populations should focus on the development of alternative social environments that would support more positive behaviors. More specifically, extended family, religious youth groups, and other community organizations should be brought into the I-IIV/AIDS risk-reduction arena.

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Section: Racial~ethnic Differences In Knowledge About Aids Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the association of race and ethnicity with the HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, behaviors and skills of high school students

Langer

Zimmerman

McNeal

1992

Popul Res Policy Rev

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“…16 Studies of other populations have shown that youth with these characteristics are at high risk for mental health problems and for engaging in sexual and drug risk behavior, including early sexual debut at 12-14 years, multiple partners, and sex without condoms. [17][18][19] Understanding the role of perinatal HIV infection in influencing behavioral health risks and disentangling the effects of HIV from other environmental or psychosocial factors are difficult and few studies have adequate comparison groups. Youth with behaviorally acquired HIV, who share high levels of mental health problems, nonadherence, and sexual risk behaviors, may differ substantially from youth with perinatal HIV exposure in that they are considerably older when first infected and have already engaged in sexual and/or drug risk behavior leading to HIV infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Health Risks in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth: Co-Occurrence of Sexual and Drug Use Behavior, Mental Health Problems, and Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment

Mellins

Tassiopoulos

Malee

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

154

121

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In a sample of perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV +) and perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected (PHEU) adolescents, we examined the co-occurrence of behavioral health risks including mental health problems, onset of sexual and drug use behaviors, and (in PHIV + youth) nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Participants, recruited from 2007 to 2010, included 349 youth, ages 10-16 years, enrolled in a cohort study examining the impact of HIV infection and ART. Measures of the above behavioral health risks were administered to participants and primary caregivers. Nearly half the participants met study criteria for at least one behavioral health risk, most frequently, mental health problems (28%), with the onset of sexual activity and substance use each reported by an average of 16%. Among the sexually active, 65% of PHIV + and 50% of PHEU youth reported unprotected sex. For PHIV + youth, 34% reported recent ART nonadherence, of whom 45% had detectable HIV RNA levels. Between 16% (PHIV +) and 11% (PHEU) of youth reported at least two behavioral health risks. Older age, but not HIV status, was associated with having two or more behavioral health risks versus none. Among PHIV + youth, living with a birth mother (versus other caregivers) and detectable viral load were associated with co-occurrence of behavioral health risks. In conclusion, this study suggests that for both PHIV + and PHEU youth, there are multiple behavioral health risks, particularly mental health problems, which should be targeted by service systems that can integrate prevention and treatment efforts.

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“…Sin embargo el nivel de educación de los padres no se asoció a la actividad sexual de los hijos. Estos hallazgos son en parte consistentes con estudios que demuestran que un adecuado contexto familiar (presencia de ambos padres, realizar actividades compartidas con ellos o con la familia) puede prevenir eventos de salud y sociales negativos, incluyendo embarazos no planeados y las ETS/ SIDA (9,12,27,28).…”

Section: Discusionunclassified

Perfil de las estudiantes adolescentes sexualmente activas en colegios secundarios de Lima, Perú.

Chirinos¹,

Brindis

Salazar³

et al. 2013

Rev Med Hered

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SUMMARY Objective:To identify the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding sexuality, and sexual practices of female adolescent students in high schools located in Lima, Peru. Material and methods: A self-administered, anonymous survey was completed by 935 female adolescents aged 12-19 as part of a School-Based Sex Education Intervention Model. Questions concerned six areas: sociodemographic information; family characteristics; personal activities; attitudes and knowledge regarding sexuality; couple relationships and sexual experience; and use of contraceptives and pregnancy incidence. Results: Sexuality knowledge was found to be limited (mean=9.9) as measured through 20 basic questions. Females tended to primarily discuss sexuality with their mothers (43%) or their female peers (41%). Attitudes regarding sexuality and use of contraceptives were found to be positive, but some expressed ambivalent feelings regarding use of contraceptives. Of the sample, 8% had ever had sex and the age of sexual debut was 14. While 63% of the sample would use pills, 74% also gave reasons for not using them. Sexual activity was found to be related to age, ever having repeated a grade, talking about sex with her boyfriend or a male friend, if reasons for having sex are "pleasure or fun", having a boyfriend, and having had more than 2 boyfriends. Conclusions: Female adolescents in this sample were found to have limited knowledge regarding sexuality and contraception, ambivalent attitudes towards the use of contraceptives, although they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy or acquiring a STD. These findings clearly document a need for school and community interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviors in adolescents and to assure appropriate contraceptive use in the near future. ( Rev Med Hered 1999; 10:49-61 ). Resultados: El nivel de conocimientos de sexualidad fue limitado (media=9.9) al ser medido a través de 20 preguntas básicas. Las mujeres conversaban mas sobre sexualidad con sus madres (43%) y con sus pares mujeres (41%). Las actitudes con respecto a la sexualidad y la anticoncepción fueron positivas pero algunas son ambivalentes con respecto al uso de anticonceptivos. El 8% de la muestra ya ha tenido relaciones coitales y la edad del primer coito fue de 14 años. Mientras que el 63% de las estudiantes usaría la píldora, el 74%, también, dió razones para no usarla. La actividad sexual se relacionó a la edad, si repitió de grado, si habla sobre sexualidad con el enamorado o amigo, si sus razones para tener relaciones coitales son "por placer o diversión", si ha tenido enamorado y si ha tenido mas de 2 enamorados. Conclusiones: Las estudiantes adolescentes en esta muestra tienen un conocimiento limitado en sexualidad y anticoncepción, actitudes ambivalentes en el uso de anticonceptivos, aunque ellas estuvieran en riesgo de un embarazo no planeado o de adquirir una ETS. Estos hallazgos señalan la necesidad de modelos de intervención en colegios y comunidades dirigidos a reducir las actitudes ambivalentes y los comporta...

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Minorities and AIDS: knowledge, attitudes, and misconceptions among black and Latino adolescents.

Cited by 254 publications

References 14 publications

Explaining the association of race and ethnicity with the HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, behaviors and skills of high school students

Explaining the association of race and ethnicity with the HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, behaviors and skills of high school students

Behavioral Health Risks in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth: Co-Occurrence of Sexual and Drug Use Behavior, Mental Health Problems, and Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment

Perfil de las estudiantes adolescentes sexualmente activas en colegios secundarios de Lima, Perú.

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