Minor physical anomalies in Tourette syndrome

Csábí, Györgyi; Gádoros, Júlia; Jeges, Sára; Gyenge, Eszter; Trixler, M.; Tényi, Tamás

doi:10.4321/s0213-61632008000300006

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Burd (1999) reported that TS was associated with earlier prenatal care and more prenatal visits compared to the control group [ 11 ]. One cross sectional study evaluating the association between minor physical anomalies and TS suggested that early insults during pregnancy might be associated with the onset of TS, as children with TS had a significantly higher number of minor physical anomalies [ 12 ]. In 4 studies investigating the association between pregnancy complications and TS onset, the presence of comorbidity, or gender, one study showed a borderline association of one or more pregnancy complications with TS onset (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 0.92-5.89, p = 0.069) [ 18 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal risk factors for Tourette Syndrome: a systematic review

Chao

Pringsheim

2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTourette Syndrome (TS) appears to be an inherited disorder, although genetic abnormalities have been identified in less than 1% of patients, and the mode of inheritance is uncertain. Many studies have investigated environmental factors that might contribute to the onset and severity of tics and associated comorbidities such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). A systematic review and qualitative analysis were performed to provide a broad view of the association between pre- and perinatal factors and TS.MethodsThe Medline, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched using terms specific to Tourette’s syndrome and keywords such as “pregnancy”, “prenatal”, “perinatal”, “birth” and “neonatal”. Studies were limited to studies on human subjects published in English or French through October 2012.Results22 studies were included. Studies were of limited methodological quality, with most samples derived from specialty clinics, and most exposures ascertained retrospectively. The majority of the results for demographic factors of parents, including age, education, socioeconomic status, and marital status, revealed no significant association with the onset of TS, or the presence of comorbidity. Many factors were reported to be significantly associated with the onset of TS, the presence of comorbidity and symptom severity, but the most consistently reported factors were maternal smoking and low birth weight.ConclusionsThere are few studies evaluating the relationship between pre and perinatal events and TS, and existing studies have major limitations, including the use of clinic rather than epidemiologically derived samples, retrospective data collection on pre and perinatal events and multiple hypothesis testing without appropriate statistical correction. The mechanism by which prenatal and perinatal adversities could lead to TS onset or symptom severity is unknown, but may be related to changes in the dopaminergic system as a result of early brain injury.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal risk factors for Tourette Syndrome: a systematic review

Chao

Pringsheim

2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Amongst the ASD participants in the high- versus low-MPA groups no significant differences appeared in the AQ, ADOS, or GAF score. However, numerically the high-MPA group was assessed with more autistic traits according to AQ median (quartiles) scores (33 [ 27 , 37 ] versus 29.0 [ 19 , 36 ]) and slightly lower functioning (data not shown) compared with the low-MPA group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Minor Physical Anomalies in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Controls

Manouilenko

Eriksson

Humble

et al. 2014

Autism Research and Treatment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Minor Physical Anomalies (MPAs) are subtle abnormalities of the head, face, and limbs, without significant cosmetic or functional impact to the individual. They are assumed to represent external markers of developmental deviations during foetal life. MPAs have been suggested to indicate severity in mental illness and constitute external markers for atypical brain development. Higher frequencies of MPAs can be found in children with autism. The aims of the present study were to examine the prevalence and patterns of MPAs in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to investigate whether MPAs are associated with symptom severity and overall functioning. Fifty adults with ASD and intelligence within the normal range and 53 healthy controls were examined with the Waldrop scale, an instrument for assessing MPAs. Face and feet were photographed enabling blinded assessment. Significant differences between the ASD and the control group were found on the MPA total scores, and also in the craniofacial region scores. Moreover, the shape of the ears was associated with autistic traits, in the ASD group. High MPA total scores were associated with poorer functioning. The findings suggest a link between MPAs, autistic traits, and level of functioning. Assessment of MPAs may assist in the diagnostic procedure of psychiatric disorders.

show abstract

“…To conclude: considering the endophenotype concept ( 9 , 17 ), it should be reminded that although minor physical anomalies are not specific to bipolar affective disorder and are reported in different neurodevelopmental disorders ( 2 , 14 , 27 ), however our first, pioneering results on the more prevalent appearence of these markers among the relatives of patients with bipolar I affective disorder, can suggest these anomalies as endophenotypic traits, emphasizing at aberrant brain development as an important etiological component in bipolar I disorder. Further studies on the MPA profile of healthy relatives of bipolar I patients, correlating with results from structural brain imaging, can clarify the endophenotypic nature of these somatic markers and the nature of genetic and/or enviromental insults on brain maldevelopment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast phenogenetic variants are quantitative defects of final morphogenesis and arise after organogenesis” (9,224.pp.). Using a list of MPAs containing 57 minor signs evaluated by Méhes ( 2 ), previously we have studied the prevalence of minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome, major depression and among the healthy relatives of patients with schizophrenia ( 3 , 6 , 8 – 10 , 14 – 16 ), and the list and definitions has become also acceptable for researchers ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Prevalence of Minor Physical Anomalies Among the Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Bipolar I Patients – Results With the Méhes Scale

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Minor physical anomalies are somatic markers of aberrant neurodevelopment, so the higher prevalence of these signs among the relatives of bipolar I patients can confirm minor physical anomalies as endophenotypes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of minor physical anomalies in first-degree healthy relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder compared to normal control subjects. Using a list of 57 minor physical anomalies (the Méhes Scale), 20 first-degree unaffected relatives of patients with the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder and as a comparison 20 matched normal control subjects were examined. Minor physical anomalies were more common in the ear, head, mouth and trunk regions among the relatives of bipolar I patients compared to normal controls. By the differentiation of minor malformations and phenogenetic variants, we have found that both minor malformations and phenogenetic variants were more common among the relatives of bipolar I patients compared to the control group, while individual analyses showed, that one minor malformation (sole crease) and one phenogenetic variant (high arched palate) were more prevalent in the relative group. This is the first report in literature on the increased prevalence of minor physical anomalies among the first-degree unaffected relatives of bipolar I patients. The study support the concept, that minor physical anomalies can be endophenotypic markers of bipolar I affective disorder.

show abstract

Minor physical anomalies in Tourette syndrome

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Prenatal risk factors for Tourette Syndrome: a systematic review

Prenatal risk factors for Tourette Syndrome: a systematic review

Minor Physical Anomalies in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Controls

Increased Prevalence of Minor Physical Anomalies Among the Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Bipolar I Patients – Results With the Méhes Scale

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About