Minor Insect Orders

Cover, Matthew R.; Bogan, Michael T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385026-3.00041-3

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Most larval lacewings are ambush predators and use their stylets for injecting venom into their prey. The venom partly predigests the prey, and the liquefied innards are sucked out through the stylets (e.g., Cover and Bogan, 2015). The larvae have a blind ending gut, which might be coupled to the exclusively liquid food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of silky lacewings and morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae through time

Haug¹,

Haug²,

Pazinato³

et al. 2020

Palaeontol Electron

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Psychopsidae (silky lacewings) is a species-poor ingroup of Neuroptera. Silky lacewings show a distinct relic distribution, indicating that the group was more speciesrich and diverse in the past. Silky lacewings have distinct larvae that resemble antlion larvae but differ from these in lacking teeth on their mouth parts, and in having a projecting labrum, which makes them "long-nosed antlion larvae". These larvae are well known from Myanmar amber (about 100 mya) and Baltic amber (mostly 34-38 mya, possibly 23-48 mya), as well as from the extant fauna. We report and figure numerous additional specimens from both amber types and from ca. 100 mya old French Charentese amber, expanding the known record of well-illustrated extant and fossil specimens from 26 to 52 specimens. We compare the diversity of head shape among these larvae through time by outline analysis. Results indicate that morphological diversity was pronouncedly higher in the Cretaceous, even after sample size correction. Eocene representatives are more diverse than modern representatives, but less diverse than Cretaceous ones, in one shape aspect that explains most of the overall variation (55.7%). Eocene representatives are less diverse in another shape aspect that explains the second-most variation (26.9%), but this might reflect a lack of first larval stage specimens. There seems to be no strong correlation between size and shape. This type of analysis enables a test for the loss of diversity over time, based on morphological diversity as a proxy, without the requirement of identifying fossil larvae down to a narrow taxonomical range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of silky lacewings and morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae through time

Haug¹,

Haug²,

Pazinato³

et al. 2020

Palaeontol Electron

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“…A phylogenetic analysis of Chauliodinae that included all fossil and extant genera [9] (Figure 3b) recognized three major clades within fishflies: (1) the Dysmicohermes lineage, which includes the western North American genera Dysmicohermes and Orohermes ; (2) the Protochauliodes lineage, which includes Madachauliodes from Madagascar, Taeniochauliodes from South Africa, Neohermes from North America, Nothochauliodes from Chile, and the disjunctly distributed genus Protochauliodes from western North America, Chile, and Australia, as well as extinct fossil taxa found in Asia; and (3) the diverse Archichauliodes lineage, which includes Platychauliodes from South Africa, Chauliodes and Nigronia from North America, Apochauliodes from western Australia, Ctenochauliodes , Neochauliodes , Parachauliodes , and Sinochauliodes from the Oriental region, and the disjunct genus Archichauliodes from South America and Australia. In addition, Cardoso-Costa et al [34] described the new monotypic genus Puri from Brazil, which appears to be a member of the Archichauliodes lineage [35].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larval corydalids may be large (20–80 mm body length), and long-lived (2–5 years). Corydalids are commonly found in mountain streams, but have been found in a wide variety of aquatic habitats including large rivers, swamps, and water-filled vegetation [35].…”

Section: Anatomical Physiological and Behavioral Adaptations Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These modified setae are probably involved in chemoreception or sensing the current flow, but physiological research on these structures is lacking. Most fishfly and alderfly larvae lack thick tergal macrosetae, but some Chauliodinae genera have thin, subglobose, and apparently closed macrosetae [35,63].…”

Section: Anatomical Physiological and Behavioral Adaptations Formentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bionomics and Ecological Services of Megaloptera Larvae (Dobsonflies, Fishflies, Alderflies)

Rivera-Gasperín¹,

Ardila-Camacho²,

Contreras‐Ramos³

2019

Insects

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Megaloptera belong to a large monophyletic group, the Neuropteroidea, together with Coleoptera, Strepsiptera, Raphidioptera, and Neuroptera. With the latter two, this order constitutes the Neuropterida, a smaller monophyletic subset among which it is the only entirely aquatic group, with larvae of all species requiring submersion in freshwater. Megaloptera is arguably the oldest extant clade of Holometabola with aquatic representatives, having originated during the Permian before the fragmentation of Pangea, since about 230 Ma. It includes 54 genera (35 extant and 19 extinct genera), with 397 extant described species and subspecies. Recent Megaloptera are divided into two families: Corydalidae (with subfamilies Corydalinae—dobsonflies and Chauliodinae—fishflies) and Sialidae (alderflies), both widely yet disjunctively distributed among zoogeographical realms. All species of Megaloptera have aquatic larvae, whereas eggs, pupae, and adults are terrestrial. The anatomy, physiology, and behavior of megalopteran larvae are specialized for an aquatic predatory habit, yet their ecological significance might still be underappreciated, as their role in food webs of benthic communities of many temperate and tropical streams and rivers is still understudied and largely unquantified. In many freshwater ecosystems, Megaloptera larvae are a conspicuous benthic component, important in energy flow, recycling of materials, and food web dynamics.

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“…The aquatic holometabolic insect order Megaloptera originates from the Late Permian period (Grimaldi and Engel 2005). Approximately 350 extant species belonging to two families, the Sialidae (alderflies) and the Corydalidae (dobsonflies and fishflies), are recognized worldwide (Cover and Resh 2008;Cover and Bogan 2015;New and Theischinger 1993). In Europe, Sialidae is the only representative of the order, with 10 species of the genus Sialis Latreille, 1803 inhabiting Europe, far-eastern Europe and the Caucasus (Aspöck et al 1980;Monserrat 2014;Vshivkova 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alderfly assemblages (Megaloptera, Sialidae) along an oligotrophic karst hydrosystem: spatial patterns and species-environment relationship

et al. 2018

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Even though alderflies, as well as many other aquatic macroinvertebrates, are widely used as indicators of freshwater quality, the knowledge of their distribution, biology and ecology in karst freshwater habitats is still very scarce. Aiming to fill this gap, we investigated alderfly assemblages along an oligotrophic karst hydrosystem. Sampling was carried out on a monthly basis over a one-year period (2007/2008) in different types of freshwater habitats and microhabitats. Our goals were to determine population aspects, habitat and microhabitat preferences of alderflies as well as their relation to environmental factors. Due to the specificity of karst freshwater habitats, alderflies were rather rare in the studied hydrosystem. Yet, their fauna was diverse with four identified species, where Sialis fuliginosa Pictet, 1836 was the most widespread one. Sialis sordida (Klingstedt, 1932) was recorded for the first time in the Balkan Peninsula being the rarest species in our study. Substrate type and water velocity showed as key environmental parameters in determining alderfly assemblages. Alderflies were mostly recorded from a canyon type mountainous stream, and silt with leaf litter, respectively. They were not recorded at sites characterized by predominately solid stones (i.e. cobbles) and mosses, and with intermittent water flow. Our results strongly indicate that alderflies could be used in future conservation and protection management procedures in karst freshwater habitats.

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Minor Insect Orders

Cited by 24 publications

References 52 publications

The decline of silky lacewings and morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae through time

The decline of silky lacewings and morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae through time

Bionomics and Ecological Services of Megaloptera Larvae (Dobsonflies, Fishflies, Alderflies)

Alderfly assemblages (Megaloptera, Sialidae) along an oligotrophic karst hydrosystem: spatial patterns and species-environment relationship

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