Minocycline and Magnesium As Neuroprotective Agents for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review

Ortíz, Juan Fernando; Ruxmohan, Samir; Saxena, Alisha; Cox, Álvaro Morillo; Bashir, Farah; Tambo, Willians; Ghani, Mohammad R; Moya, Gustavo; Córdova, Ignacio

doi:10.7759/cureus.12339

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several preclinical studies have shown that minocycline can reduce infarct area and improve neurological outcomes in animal ischemic stroke models. Some clinical trials have also been undertaken, suggesting potential benefits, though more extensive studies are needed ( Ortiz et al, 2020 ). Preclinical studies have shown that SB-3CT, a more selective inhibitor targeting MMP-2 and MMP-9, can reduce infarct size and preserve BBB integrity in animal models of ischemic stroke ( Cai et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Matrix Metalloproteinases (Mmps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in post-stroke hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema

Yao,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Stroke is a devastating condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The aftermath of a stroke, particularly hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and brain edema, can significantly impact the prognosis of patients. Early detection and effective management of these complications are crucial for improving outcomes in stroke patients. This review highlights the emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets including claudin, occludin, zonula occluden, s100β, albumin, MMP-9, MMP-2, MMP-12, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, MCP-1/CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL12, CCL5, CX3CL1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, PECAM-1/CD31, JAMs, HMGB1, vWF, VEGF, ROS, NAC, and AQP4. The clinical significance and implications of these biomarkers were also discussed.

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Section: Matrix Metalloproteinases (Mmps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in post-stroke hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema

Yao,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…Showing preclinical promise in animal studies, many drugs such as NXY-059 19 and magnesium 20 failed in clinical trials. [21][22][23][24] Reasons for poor bench-to-bedside translation have included varying routes of administration (intravenous, intraperitoneal, and intra-arterial), [25][26][27] varying times of administration (from 4 hours to 10 days post-stroke), [28][29][30] different preclinical animal stroke models (transient, embolic, photothrombotic, and permanent occlusion), and failure to recanalize the occluded vessel. [31][32][33] Building on organized efforts to improve stroke research (such as the STAIR meetings), there have been efforts in both Europe and in the USA to apply the principles of human clinical trial design to preclinical research in order to improve rigor and translational success.…”

Section: Translational Research In Neuroprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Now that the door is open: an update on ischemic stroke pharmacotherapeutics for the neurointerventionalist

Fraser

Pahwa

Maniskas

et al. 2023

J NeuroIntervent Surg

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The last 10 years have seen a major shift in management of large vessel ischemic stroke with changes towards ever-expanding use of reperfusion therapies (intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy). These strategies ‘open the door’ to acute therapeutics for ischemic tissue, and we should investigate novel therapeutic approaches to enhance survival of recently reperfused brain. Key insights into new approaches have been provided through translational research models and preclinical paradigms, and through detailed research on ischemic mechanisms. Additional recent clinical trials offer exciting salvos into this new strategy of pairing reperfusion with neuroprotective therapy. This pairing strategy can be employed using drugs that have shown neuroprotective efficacy; neurointerventionalists can administer these during or immediately after reperfusion therapy. This represents a crucial moment when we emphasize reperfusion, and have the technological capability along with the clinical trial experience to lead the way in multiprong approaches to stroke treatment.

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“…Anti-apoptotic drugs. Minocycline use in acute ischemic stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases has been reported in many publications [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] . Minocycline, a 5lipoxygenase inhibitor, is a systemic tetracycline that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S bacterial ribosome.…”

Section: Inhibiting Apoptosis As a Clinical Optionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultrastructural Perspective on Cell Death

Najdawi¹,

Abu‐Asab²

2022

JMJ

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In the field of cell death, there is still a wide gap between the molecular models and their ultrastructural phenotypes. Because only very few published works included electron microscopy (EM) images, many ultrastructural features have not yet been incorporated into the descriptions of death modes. Some of the EM features that appear in dying cells have not been incorporated in describing death modes. It includes the accumulation of lipid droplets and glycogen, the appearance of extranuclear chromatin in the cytoplasm, and the various ways mitochondria become damaged. We argue that electron microscopy should be routinely included in these studies because it exposes some new features that molecular studies do not. It has successfully recognized new modes of cell death,such as entosis, methuosis, and paraptosis. Elucidating the precise sequence of events in death modes could be the cornerstone for offering the proper therapy of many diseases by slowing down or stopping the progression of degeneration. This review presents our own experience applying ultrastructural interpretations to death modes and explaining their biochemical implications. We complement the molecular and biochemical data and point out missing features that should be considered and studied.

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Minocycline and Magnesium As Neuroprotective Agents for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in post-stroke hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema

Emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in post-stroke hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema

Now that the door is open: an update on ischemic stroke pharmacotherapeutics for the neurointerventionalist

An Ultrastructural Perspective on Cell Death

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