Minkowski’s Object: A Starburst Triggered by a Radio Jet, Revisited

Croft, Steve; Breugel, Wil van; Vries, Wim de; Dopita, Michael A.; Martin, Chris; Morganti, Raffaella; Neff, Susan G.; Oosterloo, Thomas; Schiminovich, David; Stanford, S. A.; Gorkom, Jacqueline van

doi:10.1086/505526

Cited by 167 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…van Breugel et al (1985; Schiminovich et al (1994); Croft et al (2006); Elbaz et al (2009) claim evidence for star formation associated with radio jets outside the host galaxy in a few individual nearby systems, which may be triggered by the jet. Indeed, turbulence can trigger star formation locally where gravitationally-bound giant molecular clouds are otherwise not able to form (Klessen et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Nesvadba¹,

Boulanger²,

Salomé

et al. 2010

A&A

139

232

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We present a detailed analysis of the gas conditions in the H 2 luminous radio galaxy 3C 326 N at z ∼ 0.1, which has a low starformation rate (SFR ∼ 0.07 M yr −1 ) in spite of a gas surface density similar to those in starburst galaxies. Its star-formation efficiency is likely a factor ∼10−50 lower than those of ordinary star-forming galaxies. Combining new IRAM CO emission-line interferometry with existing Spitzer mid-infrared spectroscopy, we find that the luminosity ratio of CO and pure rotational H 2 line emission is factors 10−100 lower than what is usually found. This suggests that most of the molecular gas is warm. The Na D absorption-line profile of 3C 326 N in the optical suggests an outflow with a terminal velocity of ∼−1800 km s −1 and a mass outflow rate of 30−40 M yr −1 , which cannot be explained by star formation. The mechanical power implied by the wind, of order 10 43 erg s −1 , is comparable to the bolometric luminosity of the emission lines of ionized and molecular gas. To explain these observations, we propose a scenario where a small fraction of the mechanical energy of the radio jet is deposited in the interstellar medium of 3C 326 N, which powers the outflow, and the line emission through a mass, momentum and energy exchange between the different gas phases of the ISM. Dissipation times are of order 10 7−8 yrs, similar or greater than the typical jet lifetime. Small ratios of CO and PAH surface brightnesses in another 7 H 2 luminous radio galaxies suggest that a similar form of AGN feedback could be lowering star-formation efficiencies in these galaxies in a similar way. The local demographics of radio-loud AGN suggests that secular gas cooling in massive early-type galaxies of ≥10 11 M could generally be regulated through a fundamentally similar form of "maintenance-phase" AGN feedback.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Nesvadba¹,

Boulanger²,

Salomé

et al. 2010

A&A

139

232

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“…The jet emanating from 3C 40A is believed to be responsible for triggering star formation in Minkowski's object (e.g. van Breugel et al 1985, Brodie et al 1985, Croft et al 2006), a star-forming peculiar galaxy near NGC 541.…”

Section: Radio Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sardinia Radio Telescope observations of Abell 194

Govoni

Murgia

Vacca

et al. 2017

A&A

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Aims. We study the intra-cluster magnetic field in the poor galaxy cluster Abell 194 by complementing radio data, at different frequencies, with data in the optical and X-ray bands. Methods. We analyze new total intensity and polarization observations of Abell 194 obtained with the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT). We use the SRT data in combination with archival Very Large Array observations to derive both the spectral aging and Rotation Measure (RM) images of the radio galaxies 3C 40A and 3C 40B embedded in Abell 194. To obtain new additional insights in the cluster structure we investigate the redshifts of 1893 galaxies, resulting in a sample of 143 fiducial cluster members. We analyze the available ROSAT and Chandra observations to measure the electron density profile of the galaxy cluster.Results. The optical analysis indicates that Abell 194 does not show a major and recent cluster merger, but rather agrees with a scenario of accretion of small groups, mainly along the NE-SW direction. Under the minimum energy assumption, the lifetimes of synchrotron electrons in 3C40 B measured from the spectral break are found to be 157±11 Myrs. The break frequency image and the electron density profile inferred from the X-ray emission are used in combination with the RM data to constrain the intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum. By assuming a Kolmogorov power law power spectrum with a minimum scale of fluctuations of Λ min = 1 kpc, we find that the RM data in Abell 194 are well described by a magnetic field with a maximum scale of fluctuations of Λ max = (64 ± 24) kpc. We find a central magnetic field strength of B 0 = (1.5 ± 0.2) µG, the lowest ever measured so far in galaxy clusters based on Faraday rotation analysis. Further out, the field decreases with the radius following the gas density to the power of η=1.1±0.2. Comparing Abell 194 with a small sample of galaxy clusters, there is a hint of a trend between central electron densities and magnetic field strengths.

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“…However, the possibility that these effects produce positive feedback (i.e., triggering the star formation) has been suggested both by simulations (e.g., Mellema et al 2002;Gaibler et al 2012;Wagner et al 2016, and references therein) and by observations (van Breugel & Dey 1993;Dey et al 1997;Graham 1998;Mould et al 2000;Oosterloo & Morganti 2005;Croft et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded star formation in the extended narrow line region of Centaurus A: Extreme mixing observed by MUSE

Santoro

Oonk

Morganti

et al. 2016

A&A

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We present a detailed study of the complex ionization structure in a small (∼250 pc) extended narrow line region (ENLR) cloud near Centaurus A using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. This cloud is located in the so-called outer filament of ionized gas (about 15 kpc from the nucleus) where jet-induced star formation has been suggested to occur by different studies. We find that, despite the small size, a mixture of ionization mechanisms is operating, resulting in considerable complexity in the spatial ionization structure.The area includes two H ii regions where star formation is occurring and another location where star formation must have ceased very recently. Interestingly, the extreme Balmer decrement of one of the star forming regions (Hα/Hβ obs ∼ 6) indicates that it is still heavily embedded in its natal cocoon of gas and dust. At all three locations a continuum counterpart is found with spectra matching those of O/B stars local to Centaurus A. The H ii regions are embedded in a larger gas complex which is photoionized by the radiation of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN), but the O/B stars affect the spatial ionization pattern in the ENLR cloud very locally. In particular, in the surroundings of the youngest star forming region, we can isolate a tight mixing sequence in the diagnostic diagram going from gas with ionization due to a pure stellar continuum to gas only photoionized by the AGN. These results emphasize the complexity and the mixture of processes occurring in star forming regions under the influence of an AGN radiation. This is relevant for our understanding of AGN-induced star formation suggested to occur in a number of objects, including this region of Centaurus A. They also illustrate that these young stars influence the gas over only a limited region.

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Minkowski’s Object: A Starburst Triggered by a Radio Jet, Revisited

Cited by 167 publications

References 59 publications

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Sardinia Radio Telescope observations of Abell 194

Embedded star formation in the extended narrow line region of Centaurus A: Extreme mixing observed by MUSE

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Minkowski’s Object: A Starburst Triggered by a Radio Jet, Revisited

Cited by 167 publications

References 59 publications

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H2luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H2luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Sardinia Radio Telescope observations of Abell 194

Embedded star formation in the extended narrow line region of Centaurus A: Extreme mixing observed by MUSE

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback

Energetics of the molecular gas in the H₂luminous radio galaxy 3C 326: Evidence for negative AGN feedback