Minireview: The Adipocyte—At the Crossroads of Energy Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis

Rajala, Michael W.; Scherer, Philipp E.

doi:10.1210/en.2003-0580

Cited by 1,064 publications

(833 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…This may have pathophysiological and clinical relevance. Recently, it has been suggested by Pickup and Crook 55 and Pickup et al 56 as well as others, 57,58 that insulin resistance, and ultimately type 2 diabetes, may in part be a manifestation of a chronic acute-phase response. This concept was largely developed from the observations that plasma concentrations of other inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins such as TNF-a, IL-6, and/or CRP are increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationships among acylation stimulating protein, adiponectin and complement C3 in lean vs obese type 2 diabetes

et al. 2005

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between adipocyte hormones acylation stimulating protein (ASP), adiponectin, complement C3 (C3) (ASP precursor) and insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profiles and insulin resistance in lean vs obese type 2 diabetes subjects. Subjects: Lean type 2 diabetes subjects (DL n ¼ 27) vs obese type 2 diabetes subjects (DO n ¼ 55) were compared to agematched nondiabetic groups (Obese, OB n ¼ 55 and control, CTL n ¼ 50).Results: The DO group demonstrated significant increases in plasma ASP and C3 with decreases in plasma adiponectin as compared to CTL. Interestingly, these increases in ASP and C3 were as high, or greater, in the DL group in spite of normal weight. By contrast adiponectin in the DL group was comparable to CTL, in spite of marked insulin resistance. C3 correlated with insulin, glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); ASP correlated with body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin and plasma lipid parameters (non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglyceride, cholesterol and apolipoprotein B). Adiponectin correlated with BMI, glucose, NEFA, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 but not HOMA-IR, ASP or C3. CRP correlated only with HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Increased ASP and C3 are both associated with diabetes and related lipid factors but are not regulated coordinately. Adiponectin appears to be more closely related to body size (decreased in obese subjects) than insulin resistance in these subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationships among acylation stimulating protein, adiponectin and complement C3 in lean vs obese type 2 diabetes

et al. 2005

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“…40 Increased visceral adipose tissue due to the altered distribution pattern impairs adipose tissue function, leading to an increased CVD risk. 41 This is primarily due to altered adipose tissue secretions with auto, para and endocrine effects on multiple metabolic pathways, including those that modulate BP. 42 It is plausible that this altered secretory activity of adipose tissue [43][44][45] unhinges the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory adipokine balance, producing endothelial dysfunction, which over time leads to CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediabetes is associated with abnormal circadian blood pressure variability

et al. 2008

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Blood pressure (BP) exhibits a circadian variation characterized by a morning increase, followed by a small postprandial valley and a deeper descent during nocturnal rest. Although abnormal 24-h variability (abnormal circadian variability (ACV)) predicts adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, a 7-day automatic ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and subsequent chronobiologic analysis of the gathered data, permits identification of consistency of any abnormal circadian variation. To test whether normal overweight healthy men and women with prediabetes differed from subjects with normoglycemia in having ACV with a 7-day ABPM. Consent for a 7-day ABPM was obtained from subjects with family history of diabetes mellitus, who were participating in the screening phase for a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled weight loss trial in prediabetics to prevent progression to diabetes mellitus. The automatic 7-day ABPM device recorded BP and heart rate every 30 min during the day and every 60 min during the night. Normoglycemic and prediabetic subjects matched for age, sex, race, BP, BMI, waist circumference and glycemic control, differed statistically significantly only in their fasting and/or 2-h postprandial serum glucose concentrations. Chronobiologically-interpreted 7-day ABPM uncovered no abnormalities in normoglycemics, whereas prediabetics had a statistically significantly higher incidence of high mean BP (MESOR-hypertension), excessive pulse pressure and/or circadian hyper-amplitude-tension (CHAT) (Po0.001). ACV detected with 7-day ABPM may account for the enhanced CVD risk in prediabetes. These findings provide a basis for larger-scale studies to assess the predictive value of 7-day ABPM over the long term.

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“…10,26 Increased abdominal adiposity leads to a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. [27][28][29] Adipocytes in adipose tissues secrete adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin and acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) that regulate obesity. 30 Leptin suppresses appetite, while adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of hypertension with single nucleotide polymorphisms in the quantitative trait locus for abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome on chromosome 17

et al. 2006

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Genome scan in Chinese revealed an association of blood pressure with the microsatellite marker D17S1303, which lies in a quantitative trait locus for the abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome (AOMS2) at 17p12 on chromosome 17. We previously reported that D17S1303 was associated with hypertension and obesity. Therefore, we studied 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within 3 kb of D17S1303. One hundred and eighty hypertensive subjects (91 men, 89 women, age 53712 years) and 180 normotensive matched controls (91 men, 89 women, age 52711) were genotyped using the Sequenom genotyping platform. Allelic frequencies in these Chinese subjects differed from those reported for Caucasians. Three SNPs (rs11656507, rs1357926, rs852319) were homozygous in our subjects. The genotype frequencies of rs852320, rs852321 and rs852322 did not differ between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. However, there were significant differences for rs1525402 (P ¼ 0.048), rs2692343 (P ¼ 0.022), rs2692344 (P ¼ 0.017) and rs2321313 (P ¼ 0.028). A four-locus haplotype comprising G at rs1525402, C at rs2692343, C at rs2692344 and G at rs2321313 was associated with lower systolic blood pressure (P ¼ 0.023) and normotension (P ¼ 0.048). Our results provide further evidence that there is a gene, as yet unidentified, influencing blood pressure in the vicinity of D17S1303 in a quantitative trait locus for abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome at 17p12.

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Minireview: The Adipocyte—At the Crossroads of Energy Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis

Cited by 1,064 publications

References 112 publications

Relationships among acylation stimulating protein, adiponectin and complement C3 in lean vs obese type 2 diabetes

Relationships among acylation stimulating protein, adiponectin and complement C3 in lean vs obese type 2 diabetes

Prediabetes is associated with abnormal circadian blood pressure variability

Association of hypertension with single nucleotide polymorphisms in the quantitative trait locus for abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome on chromosome 17

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