Mining-induced displacement and resettlement: a critical appraisal

Owen, John R.; Kemp, Deanna

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.087

Cited by 113 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Resettlement can be defined as the comprehensive process of planning for and implementing the relocation of people, households and communities from one place a project (especially in mining) can lead to incremental displacement (Downing 2002;Owen & Kemp 2015;Kemp et al 2017). People severely affected by a project who are not offered resettlement may have a right to be resettled (United Nations 2007a;van der Ploeg & Vanclay 2017a).…”

Section: Key Terms and Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Project-induced displacement and resettlement: from impoverishment risks to an opportunity for development?

Vanclay

2017

Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal

209

207

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While the World Bank safeguard policies and International Finance Corporation Performance Standards specify the requirements to be observed when project-induced displacement and resettlement occurs, these international standards are not always followed. Governments often invoke the power of eminent domain and implement expropriation procedures instead of building support for a public or private project by negotiating with project-affected peoples. Evaluations of projects reveal that people are usually made worse off by being resettled. This paper provides a general introduction to the topic of project-induced displacement and resettlement, raising the key issues facing resettlement practice: under what conditions should projects and associated resettlements proceed; what constitutes appropriate compensation; can livelihoods be restored or improved; what is the role of benefit sharing and shared value; and how resettlement practice can be improved. Although there is ongoing improvement in the discourse and practice of project-induced resettlement, being resettled is still likely to be an impoverishment risk and have an emotional toll. Hopefully, however, under the right conditions, resettlement has the potential to be an opportunity for development.

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Section: Key Terms and Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Project-induced displacement and resettlement: from impoverishment risks to an opportunity for development?

Vanclay

2017

Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal

209

207

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“…Twerefou et al (2015) underscored this problem with the assertion that in developing countries such displacements lead to negative consequences due to poor monitoring of compensation and resettlement programmes. Owen and Kemp (2014) argued that household dependency increases as people are displaced but mining companies may provide resettlement packages that ease only short-term tensions and help ease their access to land for mining, a recipe for future conflicts between mines and resettlement communities. Cernia (2008) advocated for compensation and benefit sharing reforms in resettlement policies and practices towards making displaced populations attain sustainable livelihoods in resettlement communities.…”

Section: Compensation Displacement and Resettlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of community perceptions, common resources and compensation practices in mining: the case of Newmont Ghana Gold Ltd at Ahafo

Bugri

Kumi²

2018

International Journal of the Commons

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Abstract:A critical issue confronting the mining industry and communities in Ghana is compensation for loss of land rights in mining activities. The 1992 Constitution and the Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703) both require compensation for the expropriated to be fair, adequate and promptly paid. However, fairness, adequacy and promptness are normative value judgments predicated on stakeholders' perceptions. This makes controversies over compensation issues inevitable and in mining communities these are rife because of increased competition between mines and communities for land and the legal provision that the payment of compensation rests with mining companies negotiating with the expropriated. Using Newmont Ghana Gold Ltd at Ahafo, we analyzed data from a sample of 120 stakeholders in four mining communities which revealed a wide divergence between communities' perceptions and mining company compensation practices, and weak enforcement of mining legislation. Communities were also not well resourced to negotiate for compensation with the transnational corporation. Also, we argue that the principles applied in compensation assessment as provided by law, especially in the case of common resources, contribute to unfairness and inadequacy in compensation for the expropriated. We conclude that this imbalance has negative implications for community-mining company relations and threatens sustainable mining operations. We therefore recommend the rigorous enforcement of legislation, introduction of appropriate governmental and mining company initiatives in building capacities of communities for improved negotiations for compensation, legal recognition of common resources 2 John Tiah Bugri and Samuel Kumi as valuable community assets for compensation, the application of the investment approach to compensation valuation and improved CSR packages by mines as means of bridging the gap between communities' perceptions and compensation practices and ensuring improved company-community relations in the mining industry.

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“…Physical displacement, relocation and resettlement induced by mining industry are widely acknowledged as posing enormous risks to mining-affected communities (Owen & Kemp, 2015). As shown by Whitmore (2006) on several examples from across the Philippines, the land is frequently taken without obtaining FPIC, and indigenous peoples are suffering negative impact on their ways of life, health and environment.…”

Section: Mining Industry Local Communities and Indigenous Peoplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Peoples’ Struggle for Secure Land Tenure in the Philippines: Case Study of Higaonon Tribe in Opol, Mindanao

Drbohlav¹,

Hejkrlík²

2017

ASS

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Indigenous peoples worldwide struggle for control over land and natural resources against encroachment of state interests, external development and commercial pressures such as agribusiness, dams, logging and mining. Their battle to protect land and natural resources is at the same time the struggle to preserve indigenous culture and traditions often inextricably linked to the land itself. The Philippine Indigenous Peoples Rights Act recognizes the indigenous peoples' rights to their ancestral lands and domains and offers a way of improving their land tenure security. The article employs case study design to illustrate the implementation gap between the rights of indigenous peoples in law and practice and the role different stakeholders play in securing indigenous peoples' land tenure and dealing with palm oil agribusiness and mining industries' interests in ancestral domains on the case of Higaonon tribe in Misamis Oriental province, Mindanao. The methodology for data collection was focus group discussions and key informant interviews with representatives of tribal leaders and members, non-government organizations and government bodies. Our results indicate that conflicting laws and mandates of various government bodies and lack of coordination between them, as well as lack of resources and political will to implement the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act are important factors behind slow issuance of ancestral domain titles. At the same time, we show that significant factor in the land tenure insecurity of indigenous peoples is disunity within the tribe and conflicting interests of its members and clans used by companies to further enhance their business interests.

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Mining-induced displacement and resettlement: a critical appraisal

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

Project-induced displacement and resettlement: from impoverishment risks to an opportunity for development?

Project-induced displacement and resettlement: from impoverishment risks to an opportunity for development?

Dynamics of community perceptions, common resources and compensation practices in mining: the case of Newmont Ghana Gold Ltd at Ahafo

Indigenous Peoples’ Struggle for Secure Land Tenure in the Philippines: Case Study of Higaonon Tribe in Opol, Mindanao

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