Mining, development and well-being in Vietnam: A comparative analysis

Nguyen, Nhi Ba Ba; Boruff, Bryan; Tonts, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.exis.2017.05.009

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Over the last few decades, scholars have identified many of the issues described above in relation to mining in Vietnam. Yet, to date, few comparative analyses have examined differences in environmental impacts and socioeconomic development between mining and non-mining communities (e.g., [25,26,73]). In particular, gold mining in Quang Nam province has brought some benefits to the region, however, many developmental and environmental issues can be identified as well.…”

Section: Research Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on commune and district statistical accounts, poverty rates in Phuoc Duc fluctuated between 2005 and 2009 and were below those of Phuoc Nang in the period between 2010 and 2014 ( Figure 2). Poverty was measured based on monthly or annual income, as defined by the government for each time point [26], which may partially, but not entirely, account for fluctuations in the poverty rate. In 2006 and 2010, government decision No 170/2005/QĐ-TTg was applied, classifying families as "poor" if their income was less than VND 200,000 and VND 260,000 per person per month, respectively.…”

Section: Poverty Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2011 and 2015, decision No 09/2011/QĐ-TTg was applied, classifying families as "poor" if their income was less than VND 400,000 and VND 500,000 per person per month, respectively. for each time point [26], which may partially, but not entirely, account for fluctuations in the poverty rate. In 2006 and 2010, government decision No 170/2005/QĐ-TTg was applied, classifying families as "poor" if their income was less than VND 200,000 and VND 260,000 per person per month, respectively.…”

Section: Poverty Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the country has experienced a rapid recent increase in mining activity, largely as a result of rising demand for commodities from China [23,24]. Much of this mining activity is located in remote regions, where mining forms an important part of local livelihoods [25,26]. The little research that has been conducted has tended to focus on a narrow set of concerns associated with environmental degradation [27], economic sustainability [28], governance [23] and the impacts of resettlement on local peoples [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fool’s Gold: Understanding Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts from Gold Mining in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

2018

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Extractive industries are often claimed to contribute to both poverty reduction and economic growth. Yet, there is also a body of research that suggests natural resource dependence can result in limited development, environmental degradation and social upheaval. This paper examines differences in the socioeconomic and environmental state of mining and non-mining communities in rural Vietnam in order to understand the extent to which mining contributes to livelihood development and socioeconomic well-being. In particular, we examine the role that "corporate social responsibility" (CSR) plays in supporting community development in Phuoc Son and Phu Ninh districts, Quang Nam province. Content analysis of newspapers, government documents and mining company reports provided a contextual overview of mining operations and community relations in each study area. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information from local and regional stakeholders to further understand perceived impacts of mining operations on local communities. Our study finds that in comparison to non-mining communities, communities with active mines demonstrated increased job development, decreased poverty rates, enhanced infrastructure and social development along with increased incidences of CSR initiatives. However, a number of adverse effects from mining activities were reported including environmental degradation (e.g., deforestation, water pollution, etc.) increased criminal activity and drug addiction. Dependence on mine-related employment in local communities becomes acutely apparent when temporary mine closures result in widespread unemployment. Local governments may be the greatest beneficiaries of mining with increased tax revenues and enhanced management potential of leased land. Non-mining communities without direct benefits from mining activities maintained economic diversity and were therefore more resilient to economic shocks such as nearby mine closures.

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Section: Research Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Poverty Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Poverty Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fool’s Gold: Understanding Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts from Gold Mining in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

2018

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“…For example, in Vietnam, mining accounted for 11% of Gross Domestic Product in 2014 [8] however, conflict over revenues, social upheaval and environmental degradation have plagued the industry [9]. The Government has faced challenges in appeasing commercial mining interests, as well as local stakeholders [10] and, over the past decade, mining governance in Vietnam has experienced extensive reform, with a focus on fostering investment and international competitiveness. New regulations provide guidance for balancing foreign venture and public sector revenue streams [11] yet, deficiencies have been identified that impact both governance structures and sustainable development [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulatory Framework and Minerals Development in Vietnam: An Assessment of Challenges and Reform

2019

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This paper aims to identify the key components of a modern mining regulatory framework and examines the extent to which the Vietnamese context reflects these characteristics. Through detailed observation of two research locations in Vietnam—Phuoc Son and Bong Mieu—the paper investigates how national policy operates at a local level. Findings show that, over the past decade, the Vietnamese Government has initiated substantial reforms to the regulatory frameworks governing mining, with the central objective to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). However, it has become apparent that these reforms have numerous deficiencies and loopholes that have led to a range of unintended economic, social and environmental consequences. To cope with challenges such as rent-seeking, limited capacities and capabilities of government staff, failure of institutions and neglect of local communities, policy makers will need to think differently and strategically about the mining industry and how regulations are implemented. Only by addressing these weaknesses will the path be paved for the sustainable growth of Vietnam’s mining industry into the future.

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Looking through a crystal ball: Understanding the future of Vietnam's minerals and mining industry

Nguyen

Boruff

Tonts

2021

The Extractive Industries and Society

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Mining, development and well-being in Vietnam: A comparative analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Fool’s Gold: Understanding Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts from Gold Mining in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

Fool’s Gold: Understanding Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts from Gold Mining in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

The Regulatory Framework and Minerals Development in Vietnam: An Assessment of Challenges and Reform

Looking through a crystal ball: Understanding the future of Vietnam's minerals and mining industry

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