Minimum-value distribution of random electromagnetic fields for modeling deep fading in wireless communications

Abstract

In this work, we presented a theoretical investigation of the minimum-value distribution inside complex electromagnetic environments. In particular, a statistical model for characterizing the minimum value of the complex-value field or power inside a dynamic mode-tuned or mode-stirred reverberation chamber is presented and discussed. Such an EM environment serves as an emulator of multipath radiowave propagation for indoor/outdoor wireless communication channels. It is found that, for both overmoded and undermoded regimes, the generalized extreme value distribution leads to the reverse Fréchet and Weibull types for complex-value (Cartesian and total) fields and for the total energy (or intensity). These distributions are stable and follow from the convergent behavior of the lower tail for their corresponding parent distribu-

Mode-stirred reverberation chambers: A paradigm for spatio-temporal complexity in dynamic electromagnetic environments

“…For example, while emissions and immunity/shielding testing in EMC is primarily concerned with the distribution of the sample average and sample maximum value, respectively, a key aspect in wireless communication is that of the fading of signals due to destructive interference in multi-path propagation, leading to analysis of the sample minimum value. This has been studied in the context of generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions [64,65].…”

Evaluation Method for the Probability Distribution of the Quality Factor of Mode-Stirred Reverberation Chambers

“…To this end, for an arbitrary and with forming three mutually orthogonal directions at any location , the value of can be estimated as (5) As already noted, measurements at all locations are strictly required to determine the volume average , which would involve a time-consuming process of dense spatial scanning. This can be avoided by replacing the volume average approximately with a spectral average across some frequency interval .…”

“…These PDFs are relevant to fading and communication drop-outs (packet loss, bit error rate, etc. ), governed by statistics of the minimum field strength of received signals [5]. Indeed, since their inception for use in microwave spectroscopy [6], [7] and EMC, mode-tuned and mode-stirred reverberation chambers (MT/MSRCs) continue to find new applications in antennas and wireless communications by offering a controlled environment for emulating dynamic multipath propagation [8]- [14].…”