Minimum Time to Achieve the Steady State and Optimum Abbreviated Period to Estimate the Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Young Adults

Borges, Juliano Henrique; Langer, Raquel David; Cirolini, Vagner X.; Páscoa, Mauro Alexandre; Guerra‐Júnior, Gil; Gonçalves, Ezequiel Moreira

doi:10.1177/0884533615627268

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our results confirm these by Borges et al found the best abbreviated time for an IC measurement is 10 min, with the first 5 min being discarded (4). Specifically, they measured REE in 37 Brazilian college students (27 males and 12 females) for 30 min.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The appropriate method for measuring REE in large observational trials is indirect calorimetry (IC). IC measures oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) and carbon dioxide production (VCO 2 ) and uses mathematically derived equations to estimate REE using a metabolic cart (1, 4). Traditionally, IC measurements require an individual lay supine in the postabsorptive state for 30–60 min while both VO 2 and VCO 2 are recorded (5–9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conclusions, however, were based on limited/weak evidence (grade III). In addition, only one study has examined the time required to reach SS in young, healthy adults (4). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve these aims, a 30-min IC measurement with no prior rest was conducted in young, apparently healthy adults. Based on the results of Borges et al, we hypothesized that the IC measurement length will be 10 min, while SS will be achieved during the second 5 min (4). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Approximate Time to Steady-state Resting Energy Expenditure Using Indirect Calorimetry in Young, Healthy Adults

et al. 2016

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Indirect calorimetry (IC) measurements to estimate resting energy expenditure (REE) necessitate a stable measurement period or steady state (SS). There is limited evidence when assessing the time to reach SS in young, healthy adults. The aims of this prospective study are to determine the approximate time to necessary reach SS using open-circuit IC and to establish the appropriate duration of SS needed to estimate REE. One hundred young, healthy participants (54 males and 46 females; age = 20.6 ± 2.1 years; body weight = 73.6 ± 16.3 kg; height 172.5 ± 9.3 cm; BMI = 24.5 ± 3.8 kg/m2) completed IC measurement for approximately 30 min while the volume of oxygen (VO2) and volume of carbon dioxide (VCO2) were collected. SS was defined by variations in the VO2 and VCO2 of ≤10% coefficient of variation (%CV) over a period of five consecutive minutes. The 30-min IC measurement was divided into six 5-min segments, such as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6. The results show that SS was achieved during S2 (%CV = 6.81 ± 3.2%), and the %CV continued to met the SS criteria for the duration of the IC measurement (S3 = 8.07 ± 4.4%, S4 = 7.93 ± 3.7%, S5 = 7.75 ± 4.1%, and S6 = 8.60 ± 4.6%). The current study found that in a population of young, healthy adults the duration of the IC measurement period could be a minimum of 10 min. The first 5-min segment was discarded, while SS occurred by the second 5-min segment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conclusions, however, were based on limited/weak evidence (grade III). In addition, only one study has examined the time required to reach SS in young, healthy adults (4). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Approximate Time to Steady-state Resting Energy Expenditure Using Indirect Calorimetry in Young, Healthy Adults

et al. 2016

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“…After the first RMR measurement, participants were given a standardised break in which they were instructed to take a walk over a standardised trajectory at their usual pace for 10 min to interrupt the steady state achieved in the first RMR measurement and to align pre-test conditions (i.e. no prior resting period) (18,19) for the measurements with the second device. The first 5 min of the data from both the measurements was discarded because the participants had to adapt their breathing while wearing the canopy hood (13,20) .…”

Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of a portable metabolic monitoring device for measuring RMR in healthy adults

et al. 2020

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Objective measurement of resting metabolic rate (RMR) may be important for optimal nutritional care but is hindered by the price and practicality of the metabolic monitoring device. This study compared two metabolic monitoring devices for measuring RMR and oxygen consumption (VO2) and compared the measured RMR with the predicted RMR calculated from equations. RMR was measured using QUARK RMR (reference device) and Fitmate GS (COSMED) in a random order for 30 minutes, each on fasted participants. In total, 68 adults participated (median age 22 years, interquartile range 21-32). Pearson correlation showed that RMR (r=0.86) and VO2 (r=0.86) were highly correlated between the two devices (p<0.05). Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) showed good relative agreements regarding RMR (ICC=0.84) and VO2 (ICC=0.84) (p<0.05). RMR measured by QUARK RMR was significantly higher (155±180 kcal/day) than Fitmate GS. Equations significantly overpredicted RMR. Accurate RMR (i.e. within ±10% of the RMR measured by QUAR RMR) was found among 38% of the participants for Fitmate GS, and among 46-68% depending on the equations. Bland-Altman analysis showed a low absolute agreement with QUARK RMR at an individual level for both Fitmate GS (limits of agreement (LOA): -198 to +508 kcal/day) and equations (LOA ranged from -473 to +449 kcal/day). In conclusion, both Fitmate GS and predictive equations had low absolute agreements with QUARK RMR at an individual level. Therefore, these limitations should be considered when determining RMR using Fitmate GS or equations.

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Short-chain fatty acids are associated with adiposity, energy and glucose homeostasis among different metabolic phenotypes in the Nutritionists’ Health Study

et al. 2023

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Purpose: The gut microbiome is associated with obesity, mainly mediated by bacteria-produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). It is unknown how SCFA concentrations are associated among the phenotypes metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy obese/overweight (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese/overweight (MUO). We compared plasma and fecal SCFA concentrations among adult women categorized according to the metabolic phenotypes mentioned above and examined associations between SCFA and adiposity and components of energy and glucose homeostasis.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 111 participants. Body composition was assessed by DEXA. Energy and glycemic homeostasis were assessed by the standard mixed-meal tolerance test coupled with indirect calorimetry. SCFAs were quanti ed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results: Only plasma propionate was increased in the MHNW phenotype compared to the MHO and MUO phenotypes [p<0.05]. Fecal propionate and butyrate concentrations and plasma propionate concentrations were inversely associated with total and visceral adiposity [p<0.05]. Fecal and plasma SCFA concentrations were associated with reduced glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels, increased fasting and postprandial GLP-1 levels and more preserved beta-cell function [p<0.05]. Fecal and plasma SCFA concentrations were positively correlated with resting energy expenditure and lipid oxidation rate and inversely correlated with oxidation rate of carbohydrates [p<0.05].Conclusion: These ndings reinforce the concept that fecal and plasma SCFA concentrations are linked to speci c components of energy and glucose homeostasis and body adiposity. On the other hand, it was not possible to discriminate the different metabolic phenotypes of adiposity based on the determination of fecal SCFA concentration.

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Minimum Time to Achieve the Steady State and Optimum Abbreviated Period to Estimate the Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Young Adults

Abstract: Ten minutes can be used as an abbreviated alternative for IC measurements in healthy young adults, and values of the first 5-minute interval should be discarded.

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Approximate Time to Steady-state Resting Energy Expenditure Using Indirect Calorimetry in Young, Healthy Adults

Approximate Time to Steady-state Resting Energy Expenditure Using Indirect Calorimetry in Young, Healthy Adults

The use of a portable metabolic monitoring device for measuring RMR in healthy adults

Short-chain fatty acids are associated with adiposity, energy and glucose homeostasis among different metabolic phenotypes in the Nutritionists’ Health Study

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